2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)：應(yīng)用文+說明文閱讀理解練習(xí)題精選匯編應(yīng)用文閱讀理解練習(xí)題（A）Here'salistofbooksI'mlookingforwardtothisfallseason.Notallofthemwillrisetotheleveloftheadvertisement,buttheyareabundantcrops.HomeAfterDarkbyDavidSmall(Liveright,Sept.11)In2009,Smallpublishedacelebratedgraphicmemoir(回憶錄)calledStitches.NowtheCaldecottMedalwinnerisbackwithagraphicnovelaboutamotherless13-year-oldboybroughtupinanunhappyhomeinCalifornia.Thisisataletoldinfewwordsandmanystrikingimages.OnSept.11at3p.m.,SmallwillbeatAmazonBooksatUnionMarket.Moreinformationatwww.amazon.com/graph-tale.WaitingforEdenbyElliotAckerman(Knopf,Sept.25)ThisbriefnovelisrelatedtoadeadsoldierwhoiswatchingoverahorriblyburnedpartnerinaTexashospital.Thatsoundsembarrassinglyemotional,butAckerman,whoservedinanavyinIraqandAfghanistan,isoneofthebestsoldier-writersofhisgeneration.Moreinformationatwww.amazon.com/military-essay.AllYouCanEverKnowbyNicoleChung(Catapult,Oct.2)Chung,editoroftheliterarymagazineCatapult,wasadoptedasababybyawhitefamilyinOregon.Inthismemoir,shewritesaboutherchildhood,herAsianAmericanidentityandhersearchfortheKoreanparentswhogaveherup.Moreinformationatwww.amazon.com/politics-prose.UnshelteredbyBarbaraKingsolver(Harper,Oct.16)Alternatingbetweenthepastandpresent,thisnoveltellsthestoryofawomaninvestigatingalate-19th-centuryscienceteacherwhowascaughtupinthecontroversyoverDarwinism.Likeherothernovels,thisonepromisestoexploresocialandscientificproblems.Visitwww.amazon.com/tech-scienceformoreinformation.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.Ifyouhopeforasignatureoftheauthor,youwillprobablybuyacopyof　　　. A.AllYouCanEverKnowB.WaitingforEdenC.HomeAfterDarkD.Unsheltered2.WhojoinedthearmyandwassenttotheMiddleEast?A.ElliotAckerman.B.DavidSmall.C.BarbaraKingsolver.D.NicoleChung.3.Ifyouwanttoreadbooksaboutnon-fiction,youcansurf　　　. A.www.amazon.com/graph-tale第23頁共23頁,B.www.amazon.com/politics-proseC.www.amazon.com/military-essayD.www.amazon.com/tech-science（B）Hikingisagreatwaytogetactiveandreducestresswhileyouareexploringthecity.VisitourpagetofindsomeofthebestfreewalkingtoursacrossNewYorkCity.CommunityDaysatConferenceHouseParkWednesday,September19,201812:00a.m.—2:00p.m.EnjoynewgardensattheVisitorCenter.Exploreandhelprepairthethreeself-designedgardens:vegetable,nativeplant,andsculpture.Experiencekidscrafts,adultartprograms,TaiChiandmoreinthislovelysetting.Position:ConferenceHousePark,298SatterleeStreet,StatenIslandEventOrganizer:ConferenceHouseParkPhoneNumber:(718)227-1463ContactEmail:john.kilcullen@parks.nyc.qovGreenbeltontheGoTuesday,August14,2018　10:00a.m.—11:30a.m.Joinusforrelaxingwalksthroughourparks.Enjoytheprettyviewsofthem,aswepointoutafewofthedistinctfeaturesthatmakeeachparkspecial.Thelengthofeachhikewillbedeterminedbythepaceofthegroup.Registrationisrequired.Toregister,pleaseemailnaturecenter@sigreenbelt.orgbeforeAugust14.Position:GreenbeltNatureCenterinBloodRootValley,700RocklandAvenueatBrielleAvenueStatenIslandEventOrganizer:StatenIslandGreenbeltConservancy,GreenbeltEnvironmentalEducationDepartmentPhoneNumber:(718)351-3450ContactEmail:naturecenter@sigreenbelt.orgAdultAfternoonHikesWednesday,October10,2018　1:30p.m.—3:00p.m.GetfamiliarwiththeGreenbeltandlocalparksbyhikingwithotheradults!You'reencouragedtobringsmallmealsanddrinksforthebreaktime.Position:GreenbeltNatureCenterinBloodRootValley,700RocklandAvenueatBrielleAvenueStatenIslandEventOrganizer:StatenIslandGreenbeltConservancy,GreenbeltEnvironmentalEducationDepartmentPhoneNumber:(718)351-3450第23頁共23頁,ContactEmail:naturecenter@sigreenbelt.orgTheSouthPoleatWardsPointThursday,November15,2018　7:00a.m.—7:00p.m.Thethreemilesofnearbynaturalshorelineisasandybeach.Shells,rocks,andstonesofanyshapeandsizecanbefoundhere.Nottobemissedarethepark'sotherattractions:acresofwoodland,fourgalleries,andfivehistorichouses!Position:ConferenceHouseParkVisitorCenterinConferenceHousePark,298SatterleeStreet,StatenIslandEventOrganizer:ConferenceHouseParkContact　Email:john.kilcullen@parks.nyc.qov1.WhichwalkingtourmayattractpeopleinterestedinChineseculture?A.CommunityDaysatConferenceHousePark.B.GreenbeltontheGo.C.AdultAfternoonHikes.D.TheSouthPoleatWardsPoint.2.WhatdoweknowaboutGreenbeltontheGo?A.Thelengthofthehikeissettled.B.Peoplewillvisitthreedistinctparks.C.IttakesplaceinConferenceHousePark.D.Visitorsneedtoregisterinadvance.3.Whatdothefourwalkingtourshaveincommon?A.Theyareallforadults.B.Theyallchargednofees.C.They'reheldbythesameorganizer.D.Theyrequirevisitorstobringfood.（C）Seattleishometooneofthebusiestports,somanyvisitorshaveashortwindowtocrowdinasmuchsightseeingaspossiblebeforegettingonaship.Herearefourattractionsyoucanseeinarush.SpaceNeedleRegularticketsfortheSpaceNeedleare$10cheaperfrom8:00a.m.to9:30a.m.Orderticketsinadvancesoyoucangostraightinlinefortheelevators.Atthetop,youcanreadfunfactsabouttheNeedleandinteractwithahuge,touchscreen“SkyPad”—nottomentionadmiringincredible360-degreeviewsofthecity.ChihulyGardenandGlassLocatedrightnexttotheSpaceNeedle,thisexhibitfeaturestheworkofDaleChihuly.WalkthroughtheGlasshousetoseeoneofhislargestpieces:a100-foot-longglasssculptureincolorsof第23頁共23頁,red,orangeandyellow.OrderyourSpaceNeedleandChihulyticketstogetherforevenmoresavings.PikePlaceMarketJuststepsfromtheSpaceNeedle,youcangetonthebustothefamousPikePlaceMarket.Giveyourselfplentyoftimetoeatyourwaythroughthishugemarketplace.Mostplacesoffersamplessoyoucantryawidevarietyofsnacksbeforeyoubuy.PostAlleyLocatedunderPikePlaceMarket,thisstreetishometoSeattle'sstickiestattraction:theGumWall.Thistraditionstartedinthe1990s,whenpeoplewaitinginlineforPostAlley'sMarketTheaterwouldsticktheirchewedgumonthewall.Sincethen,thousandsofothershaveaddedtothecollection.Thewallwassweptcleanin2015,butyou'dneverknowitnow.Itmakesforagoodphotoopportunity—justdon'tgettooclose.1.WhatcanyoudoattheSpaceNeedle?A.Tastesomedelicioussnacks.B.OverlookthewholecityofSeattle.C.Seeawonderfulglasssculpture.D.Takethefastestelevatorsintheworld.2.WhatwasDaleChihuly?A.Anartist.B.Anactor.C.Anarchitect.D.Aprofessor.3.WhatistheGumWallprobablylikenow?A.Itisaplacetostickphotos.B.Itisascleanasotherwalls.C.Itiscoveredbychewedgum.D.ItisapartofPikePlaceMarket.（D）TheHoustonMuseumofNaturalScienceFoundedin1909,theHoustonMuseumofNaturalScience(HMNS)hasalwaysbeenoneofthemostheavilyattendedmuseumsintheUnitedStates.Ithousesavarietyofpermanentexhibitareasthatexamineastronomy,spacescience,NativeAmericanculture,energy,chemistry,gemsandminerals,seashells,Texaswildlifeandmuchmore.Inaddition,themuseumfrequentlypresentstravelingexhibitionsonavarietyoftopics.TheMuseumisamajorsciencelearningcenterwithoverahalfmillionschoolchildrenvisitingitannually,includingeveryfourthgradeandseventhgradeclassintheHoustonIndependentSchoolDistrict.CrowdsTheMuseumcanbequitecrowdedonweekendsandweekdaymornings,duetothehundredsofthousandsofstudentsthatvisitHMNSeachyear.Pleasecall713-639-4629toinquireaboutthecrowdsthatareanticipatedduringyourintendedvisit.第23頁共23頁,OpeningHoursMonday—Sunday:9a.m.—5p.m.(lastentryat4:30p.m.)It'sclosedonNewYear'sDayandChristmasDay.PLEASENOTE:Averagemuseumvisittakes2hoursormore.PricingAdultTicket:$25(ages12andup)ChildTicket:$16(ages3-11)Childrenaged2andunder:FREECollegeStudentswithID:$16Seniors(62+):$16Groups(10+):$10PleaseNoteFlashphotographyisONLYallowedintheGrandHallandtherainforestoftheCoekrellButterflyCenter.Selfiesticks(自拍桿),tripodsandcamerastandsarenotallowedanywhereinHMNS.Photographyisnotallowedincertainexhibitions.Pleasecheckforsignsbytheexhibitentranceformoreinformationoraskamuseumemployee.1.WhencanpeopleenterHMNSforavisit?A.At8:30a.m.onJune1st.B.At12:30p.m.onJan.3rd.C.At14:40p.m.onOct.15th.D.At10:00a.m.onDec.25th.2.HowmuchshouldTomandhistwosonsaged8and13payinalltoHMNS?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.$66.　　B.$57.　　C.$41.　　D.$30.3.WhatcanbeknownaboutHMNSfromthetext?A.Ithasahistoryoflessthanacentury.B.Visitorsaren'tallowedtotakephotosinside.C.IthasthelargestnumberofvisitorsofallAmericanmuseums.D.Peoplewhoenjoyquiethadbettervisititonweekdayafternoons.（E）AboutNationalGeographicKids第23頁共23頁,　　NationalGeographicKidsmagazineoffersafreshnewlookfortoday'skids!Eachissue(期)isjam-packedwithgreatstoriesaboutwildlife,adventures,otherkids,animals,sports,science,technology,wonderfulplacesintheworld,popularculture,andmorecoolstuff—alldesignedtokeepkidsreading,thinking,learningandhavingfun!Forages6-12.EveryeditionofNationalGeographicKidscontainsasuperbcombinationofphotos,funfacts,andarticlespresentedinacheerystyle,makingitperfectforkeepingkids'attention.Yourchildrencanexploreancientcivilizationsononepage,comeface-to-facewithoverseaswildlifeonanother,andturnthenextpagetodoprojects,whichareoftenperfectforhomework.Therearealwaysplentyofgross/interestingfactsaboutanimalsthatyourchildrenarecertaintosharewithyou,ortheycanturntothepagethatgivesthemthelow-downontheirfavoritestar.AgiftsubscriptiontoNationalGeographicKidsisperfectforyoungreaders,whoareinterestedintheworldaroundthem.1.HowwilltheMagazineLinestaffdealwithdissatisfiedpurchasers?A.Givea100%cashrefundfirst.B.Offera50%discounttothem.C.Doeverythingtosatisfythem.D.Allowthemtocancelsubscription.2.WhichdescriptionistrueaboutNationalGeographicKids?A.Itisaperfectgiftforreaders.B.Itaddstokids'homework.C.Itischeapertobeboughtonthenewsstand.D.Itreferstomanyfields.3.Whoisthearticlemainlyintendedfor?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Children.B.Parents.C.Teachers.D.Managers.（F）USATODAY10Best'sReadersChoiceAwardsarecurrentlyonhold.Weaskedourreaderstovoteforthetopeventsacrosssixcategories:music,generalfood,specialtyfood,film,culturaland第23頁共23頁,emergingindustries(foundedinthepastfiveyears).Thesearesomeofthewinners:KutztownFolkFestivalThenine-dayKutztownFolkFestivalisthenation'soldestcontinuouslyoperatedfolklifefestival,drawingvisitorsfromaroundtheglobe.AcelebrationofPennsylvaniaDutchcultureandheritage,theeventincludesAmerica'slargestquiltsale,200craftsmenandfolkartists,localfoodandfamilyfriendlyentertainment.WaterLanternFestivalTheWaterLanternFestivalisallaboutconnections.MagicalnightsincitiesacrosstheUSincludefood,livemusicandthebeautyofthousandsoflanternsdecoratedwithlettersoflove,hopeanddreamsfloatingonthewater.CarnavalofQuebecTheQuebecCarnavalisa10-dayfestivalofwinter,theworld'slargest,completewithnightparades(慶祝游行),iceskating,snowsculpturesandatoweringicepalace.Otherhighlightincludeicecanoeracing,asugarshackandiconicCariboudrinks.SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeSanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYearFestival&ParadesincejustaftertheGoldRush.Theparaderanksamongthebestintheworld,with100units,fancycostumes,fireworksanda268-footGoldenDragon,whichtakesateamof100menandwomentomarchthroughthestreets.Ithasbecomeoneofthelargesteventsofitskindintheworld,drawingsomethreemillionspectatorsandtelevisionviewers.1.WhatcanyouseeduringtheKutztownFolkFestival?A.Modernarts.B.Quiltsforsale.C.Traditionalweddings.D.Showsonstage.2.Whichfestivalismeanttopromoteinterpersonalrelationships?A.KutztownFolkFestival.B.CarnavalofQuebec.C.WaterLanternFestival.D.SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParade.3.CarnavalofQuebecandSanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeboth　　　. A.includespecialfoodB.relatetoparadesC.takeplaceonlyatnightsD.havesculptureexhibitions（G）OneofthebestthingsaboutLondonisthatsomanyofitsworld-famousmuseumsarefreetothepublic.Visitorscanenjoysomebeautifulpaintings,portraits（肖像）andartpiecesbyfamousartistsfromaroundtheworldthere.第23頁共23頁,ImperialWarMuseumLocatedinwhatwasonceahospital,ImperialWarMuseumoffersafascinatinglookatwaranditsimpact.Withlotsoffilms,photos,videosandaudiorecordingsincludedinthedisplays,visitorswillcomeawaywithagreaterinsightintothetragedy（悲?。﹐fwars,aswellastheimpacttheyhaveonsociety.NationalPortraitGalleryHometoover11,000portraits,thisdelightfulartgalleryfocusesonfamousBritishpeoplethroughtheages.Portraits,photos,sculpturesanddrawingsofsomeofthecountry'smostinfluentialandwell-knownfiguresgazeuponyouasyoumakeyourwaythroughthegallery.WhileitsmostfamousportraitisundoubtedlytheoneofWilliamShakespeare,morecontemporarypiecesdonotlookoutofplacealongsideartworksthatdatebackhundredsofyears.RoyalAirForceMuseumLocatedinHendon,RoyalAirForceMuseumhasoveronehundredandsixtyaircraftsondisplayandisamust-seeforaviation（航空）lovers.DocumentingthehistoryofaviationandaircraftintheUnitedKingdom,themuseumhasoneofthebiggestandbestcollectionsofmilitaryaircraftintheworld.TateBritainFoundedbysugarbusinessmanSirHenryTate,TateBritainisawonderfulmuseumtovisit,withlotsoffantasticBritishartworksonshow.TateBritain'smasterpiecesincludeworksbyWilliamBlakeandFrancisBacon.Wanderingaroundtheexhibitionsandgalleriesisalovelywaytospendtheday.WiththemuseumlyingonthebanksoftheThames,youcantakeaboattogetthere.1．WhatcanweknowaboutImperialWarMuseum?A．IthousesFrancisBacon'sworks.B．Itmainlyshowsartists'tragedies.C．Itoriginallyservedasahospital.D．ItoncestoodontheThamesRiver.2．InwhichplacecanvisitorsseethepictureofWilliamShakespeare?A．ImperialWarMuseum.B．TateBritain.C．RoyalAirForceMuseum.D．NationalPortraitGallery.3．What'sspecialaboutTateBritain?A．Itisaccessiblebyboat.B．Itfocusesonfamouspeople.C．Itattractsmanyaircraftlovers.D．Itwasbuiltbyabusinesswoman.第23頁共23頁,參考答案(A)1.C　根據(jù)HomeAfterDarkbyDavidSmall(Liveright,Sept.11)中的OnSept.11at3p.m.,SmallwillbeatAmazonBooksatUnionMarket.可知,這本書的作者要去現(xiàn)場售書,如果你希望得到作者的簽名,你可能去買一本HomeAfterDark。故選C項。2.A　根據(jù)WaitingforEdenbyElliotAckerman(Knopf,Sept.25)中的Thatsoundsembarrassinglyemotional,butAckerman,whoservedinanavyinIraqandAfghanistan,isoneofthebestsoldier-writersofhisgeneration.可知,ElliotAckerman參過軍并被派往中東。故選A項。3.B　根據(jù)AllYouCanEverKnowbyNicoleChung(Catapult,Oct.2)中的Chung,editoroftheliterarymagazineCatapult,wasadoptedasababybyawhitefamilyinOregon.和Moreinformationatwww.amazon.com/politics-prose.可知,如果你想讀非小說類的書,你可以登錄www.amazon.com/politics-prose。故選B項。(B)1.A根據(jù)對第一條路線CommunityDaysatConferenceHousePark的介紹:Experiencekidscrafts,adultartprograms,TaiChiandmoreinthislovelysetting.可知,我們可以體驗兒童藝術(shù)作品、成人藝術(shù)節(jié)目、太極拳等。其中的太極拳屬于中國文化,所以答案為A項。2.D　根據(jù)對第二條路線GreenbeltontheGo的描述:Registrationisrequired.可知,這條線路需要提前報名,故選D項。3.B　根據(jù)第一段中的VisitourpagetofindsomeofthebestfreewalkingtoursacrossNewYorkCity.可知,這四條步行路線都是免費的,故選B項。(C)1.B　根據(jù)文章SpaceNeedle部分內(nèi)容“Atthetop,youcanreadfunfactsabouttheNeedleandinteractwithahuge,touchscreen‘SkyPad’—nottomentionadmiringincredible360-degreeviewsofthecity.(在頂端,你可以閱讀關(guān)于針?biāo)挠腥な聦?并與一個巨大的觸摸屏“SkyPad”互動——更不用說欣賞不可思議的360度城市景觀了。)”可知在這里可以欣賞到城市全景。故選B項。2.A　根據(jù)文章ChihulyGardenandGlass部分內(nèi)容“LocatedrightnexttotheSpaceNeedle,...sculptureincolorsofred,orangeandyellow.”可知,后句中提及的“his”應(yīng)是指代前句中提及的DaleChihuly,且后句中提到了“a100-foot-longglasssculptureincolorsofred,orangeandyellow(一個100英尺長的玻璃雕塑,顏色有紅色、橙色和黃色)”應(yīng)是他的作品,故可以推知DaleChihuly應(yīng)是一位藝術(shù)家。故選A項。3.C　根據(jù)文章PostAlley部分內(nèi)容“Thewallwassweptcleanin2015...gettooclose.(墻在2015年被打掃干凈了,但你現(xiàn)在不會知道。這里提供了一個拍照的好機會——但別走得太近。)”可知,墻上現(xiàn)在又粘滿了嚼過的口香糖。故選C項。(D)第23頁共23頁,1.B　根據(jù)OpeningHours部分中Monday—Sunday:9a.m.—5p.m.(lastentryat4:30p.m.)可知,星期一至星期日:上午9點到下午5點(最后可進(jìn)入時間是下午4時30分)以及It'sclosedonNewYear'sDayandChristmasDay.(元旦和圣誕節(jié)不營業(yè))可知,1月3日下午12:30可以進(jìn)入HMNS進(jìn)行訪問。故選B項。2.A　根據(jù)Pricing部分中AdultTicket:$25(ages12andup);ChildTicket:$16(ages3-11)可知,成人票:25美元(12歲及以上);兒童票:16美元(3歲到11歲)。由此可知,Tom和他8歲和13歲的兩個兒子總共應(yīng)該付25+25+16=66美元給HMNS。故選A項。3.D　根據(jù)第二段中TheMuseumcanbequitecrowdedonweekendsandweekdaymornings,duetothehundredsofthousandsofstudentsthatvisitHMNSeachyear.可知,博物館在周末和工作日的早上會很擁擠,因為每年有成千上萬的學(xué)生參觀HMNS。由此可知,喜歡安靜的人最好在工作日的下午去。故選D項。(E)1.C　根據(jù)圖片中Ifyouarenotcompletelysatisfiedwithyourmagazine,letusknowandwewilldowhateverittakestomakeitright—evena100%cashrefund(退款)ifyouchoose.“如果你對你的雜志不太滿意,請告訴我們,我們會盡一切努力把它辦好——如果你愿意,我們甚至?xí)o你100%的現(xiàn)金退款。”由此可知,雜志的工作人員對不滿的購買者會盡一切努力讓他們滿意。故選C項。2.D　根據(jù)第一段的描述:NationalGeographicKids雜志為今天的孩子們提供了一個全新的面貌!每一期都是關(guān)于野生動物、冒險、其他孩子、動物、體育、科學(xué)、技術(shù)、世界上的美妙地方、流行文化、和更多的酷的東西——所有的設(shè)計都是為了讓孩子閱讀,思考,學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂!6-12歲。由此可知,NationalGeographicKids涉及許多領(lǐng)域。故選D項。3.B　根據(jù)第一段最后兩句...alldesignedtokeepkidsreading,thinking,learningandhavingfun!Forages6-12.可知,所有的設(shè)計都是為了讓孩子們閱讀、思考、學(xué)習(xí)和玩得開心,NationalGeographicKids是針對6-12歲的孩子,所以判斷出這篇文章是寫給父母的。故選B項。(F)1.B　根據(jù)第二段最后一句“AcelebrationofPennsylvaniaDutchcultureandheritage,theeventincludesAmerica'slargestquiltsale,200craftsmenandfolkartists,localfoodandfamilyfriendlyentertainment.”可知,在這一節(jié)慶活動中包括全美最大型的被子展銷。故選B項。2.C　根據(jù)第三段“TheWaterLanternFestivalisallaboutconnections.MagicalnightsincitiesacrosstheUSincludefood,livemusicandthebeautyofthousandsoflanternsdecoratedwithlettersoflove,hopeanddreamsfloatingonthewater.”可知,這一節(jié)慶活動中,人們可以通過燈籠來傳達(dá)各種感情,借此增進(jìn)人與人之間的聯(lián)系。故選C項。3.B　根據(jù)第四段中“theworld'slargest,completewithnightparades(慶祝游行)第23頁共23頁,”和第五段中“SanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYearFestival&Parade”可知,兩個事件中都有游行活動。故選B項。(G)1．根據(jù)ImperialWarMuseum中“Locatedinwhatwasonceahospital,ImperialWarMuseum...（帝國戰(zhàn)爭博物館坐落在曾經(jīng)是一家醫(yī)院的地方，它提供了一個令人著迷的戰(zhàn)爭及其影響的視角）”可知，ImperialWarMuseum最初是一家醫(yī)院。故選C項。2．根據(jù)NationalPortraitGallery中“WhileitsmostfamousportraitisundoubtedlytheoneofWiliamShakespeare....（盡管它最著名的肖像畫無疑是威廉·莎士比亞(WilliamShakespeare)的畫像，但與數(shù)百年前的藝術(shù)品相比，更多當(dāng)代作品并不顯得格格不入）”可知，游客可以在NationalPortraitGallery看到莎士比亞的肖像。故選D項。3．根據(jù)TateBritain中“WiththemuseumlyingonthebanksoftheThames,youcantakeaboattogetthere.（博物館坐落在泰晤士河岸邊，你可以乘船去那里）”可知，TateBritain的特別之處在于它位于泰晤士河岸邊，游客可以乘船抵達(dá)。故選A項。第23頁共23頁,說明文閱讀理解練習(xí)題（A）Therehasbeenalotofsuchnewslately.Asfarastheproblemswithtoday'sschoolsareconcerned,wecangobacktohowourculturehasevolved.Ingeneral,ourculture,asrepresentedinthemedia,getsexcitedbyfamousstars,andstressesthatit'swhatyouhave,notwhatyouare,thatcounts.Parentsareencouragedtobeawayfromevenverysmallchildrenformostoftheday.Toomanypeoplevoteforpoliticianswhowouldrathercutschoolfundingthanstoptaxcutsforthewealthy.Allcontributegreatlytotheproblemsofeducatingourchildren.Today'steachershavetodealwithaculturethatisvastlydifferentfromthatinthepast.Theyreportthatthereis,amongmorechildrenthanever,alackofmotivation,nodrivetosucceedoreventry.Inthemedia,therolemodelsthatboysseemostlyconsistofmenincomediesandothershows,whoarerudeandoftenextremelychildish;self-centeredoverpaidathletes;meninmovies,televisionorvideogames,whoareviolentandpowerful.AsLeonardSaxwroteinBoysAdrift,“Teenageboysarelookingformodelsofmatureadulthood,butwenolongermakeanycollectiveefforttoprovidesuchmodels.”Girlsareattackednotonlywithsuchannoyingimagesofmales,butalsowithwomenwhoareextremelymaterialistic.Insuchaculturalenvironment,itismoreimportantthanevertohaveresponsibleparentswhoaredevotedtotheirchildrenandseetoitastheirdutytomodelforthemandraisethemwithhighstandardsofhonestyandresponsibility.Theyneedtocareenoughtoseethattheirchildrenarenotattackedwiththerubbishthatcomesfrommovie,televisionandcomputerscreens.Intoday'sculture,theyarebasicallyaloneinthiseffortsince,unfortunately,somuchisworkingagainstthem.Untilwe,asaculture,facethetruthaboutourselves—thatwearenotprovidingadequatelyforagreatmanyofourchildren—thestormwillcontinuetorageoveroureducationsystem.1.Whatdothewords“suchnews”inthebeginningmostprobablyinvolve?A.Culturalevolution.B.Financialriskfromtaxcuts.C.Problemsineducation.D.Socialinfluenceofthemedia.2.Whatdoestoday'sculturebringtothechildren?A.Narrowaccesstoentertainment.B.Poorsocialabilities.C.Fewmaterialisticmodels.D.Toomuchnegativeeffect.3.Whatdoparentshavetodointoday'sculture?A.Findmoremodelsfortheirchildren.B.Keeptheirkidsfromthebadeffectofthemedia.C.Forbidtheirchildrentousecomputers.第23頁共23頁,D.Encouragetheirchildrentostayatschool.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstoday'sculture?A.Indifferent.B.Ambiguous.C.Dissatisfied.D.Approving.（B）ThevillageofHallstattinAustriaisacollectionofappealingoldbuildingsgroupedattheedgeofLakeHallstatt,surroundedbythetoweringDachsteinMountains.Insummer,themountainsaregreenandthevillageislovely.Inwinter,it'slikesomethingoutofasnow-coveredfairytale.Hallstatt'spopularityfirstbeganwhenitbecameaWorldHeritageSitein1997.Itincreasedmorein2006,whenaSouthKoreanTVprogramshotashowinthevillage.Soon,HallstattbegantogetmorevisitorsfromAsia.ButthenumberofvisitorsreallyexplodedafterthereleaseofDisney'smovie“Frozen”in2013.Millionsof“Frozen”moviefansthinkHallstattistheinspirationforthefictionalvillageofArendelle,themainvillageinthemovie.With“Frozen2”released,ithasonlymadeitmorepopular.Thenumberofvisitorswhoarrivehereeachdayishuge—upto10,000visitors.Lastyeararound19,344busloadsoftouristsarrived.Localpeoplethinkit'sacatastrophe.Withthenumberofvisitorsmentionedaboveaday,that'sover12touristsforeverypersoninHallstatt.Onemansaidhismotherwaswokenuponeday,tofindtouristsinherbedroom.Thegovernmentthinksthetownwouldbejustfinewithaboutonethirdfewervisitorseachyear.Startingthisyear,Hallstattwillbeginaprogramtolimitthenumberofbusesbringingvisitorshere.Butvillagersalsoadmitthefactthatbeforethetouristboom,peoplewouldleaveHallstatttofindworkandthatmanypeoplerelyuponthetouristsfortheirjobsnow.Hallstattmaybeeasyontheeye,butit'soppositeonthewallet.Hotelroomscancostbetween$350and$450.Oh,anditcostsoveronedollartousethepublicbathroomhere.Eventoiletscanbegoodbusiness—aslongastheyaren'tfrozen.1.WhatplaysthemostimportantroleinmakingHallstattworld-famous?A.Itslovelyweather.B.Thehitmovie.C.Itsbeautifularchitecture.D.TheSouthKoreanTVprogram.2.HowmanylocalpeoplearethereinHallstatt?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.About800.B.About7,000.C.About12,000.D.About18,000.3.Howdothevillagersrespondtothetourism?A.Theydependonitcompletely.B.Theyhopeitstaysaway.C.Theyfinditenvironment-friendly.D.Theyareinadilemmaaboutit.4.WhatdoestheauthorreallywanttoindicateaboutHallstattinthelastparagraph?A.Itiseasyfortouriststogetthere.B.Touristscanmakebusinessthere.第23頁共23頁,C.Bereadytopaybeforegoingthere.D.Itisfreezingcoldsometimesthere.（C）Thisspring,youmaybefortunateenoughtohavegoodweather,asmallpieceofearthandtheenergy,enthusiasmandinspirationtoplantagarden.Thereisnothingbettertoshakeofftheboredomanddullnessofwinterthantodigintheearth,plantsomeseedsandwatchthemgrow.Asmallgardencanproducesomethingextrafreshfordinner,flowersforthetableandafeelingofaccomplishment.Itiswork,butitiseversorewarding.　　Whataboutyourlifegarden?Justasabeautifulgardenisaworkinprogress,soisthegardeninyourmind.Ittakesconsciouseffort,planning,constantnurturing(培育)andweedingtogrowagarden.Whathaveyouplanted?Whathaveyouallowedtotakeroot?Isyourlifetheout-picturingofawelllaidoutgardenorajumbleofplants,treesandweedswhoseseedswereblownyourwayandtookroot?　　Wehaveallheardphraseslike“sowingseedsofdoubt”,or“seedsofdiscontent”.Wecanmakeaconsciouschoicewhethertoallowthemtotakerootinourlivesorcastthemoutofourgarden.Negativeenergyandwords,likeweeds,willspreadquicklyifleftunchecked.Findagood“weedkiller”—abook,aninspirationalstory,apositivestatement—tohelpyougetridofthethoughtsthatruinthebeautyofyourgarden.　　Plantasmanyseedsofjoyandbeautyasyoucaninyourownlifeandinthelivesofthepeoplewithwhomyouliveandworkeveryday.Growagratitudegarden,apeacegardenandadreamgarden.Tendtothemdaily.Ifyougivethemtimeandenergy,youwillhavearichharvestofsuccess,happinessandpeaceofmind.1.Whydoestheauthortellusthebenefitsofgrowingagarden?A.Toaskustolovegardening.B.Toshowhisloveofgardening.C.Toleadreaderstothetopicofthetext.D.Toshowwhatalifegardenislike.2.Inwhatwayisourlifegardensimilartoabeautifulgarden?A.Itisinchangeallthetime.B.Itcanmakeushappyandgratefulinlife.C.Itneedsourconsciouseffortandconstantcare.D.Itisfullofbothpositiveenergyandnegativeenergy.3.Whydoestheauthorcomparenegativeenergyandwordstoweeds?A.Theyareanaturalpartoflife.B.Theyaredifficulttoremove.C.Theyareoftenleftunchecked.D.Theyneedtoberemovedbeforetheyspread.第23頁共23頁,4.Whichofthefollowingcanberegardedasaweedkiller?A.Readingadullbook.B.Relievingourdiscontent.C.Havingpositiveself-talks.D.Pullingweedsinthegarden.（D）TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2021withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathree-yearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.Thecurriculumisbuiltaroundinterdisciplinaryproblems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity,plasticpollution,amongothers—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.EmployersliketheMetPoliceandVirginwillprovideprojectideasandofferfive-weekworkexperienceforstudents.“We'regoingtotryandcreateareallytransformationaleducationalexperiencewhereallthepeopleintheinstitutionarewakingupeverymorningandsaying,‘Howcanwetakethesebrilliantyoungpeopleandgivethemanamazinglearningexperience?'”saysEdFidoe,aco-founderoftheLIS.TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalarts(人文科學(xué))degreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistics,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselycomeintoagreementwithwhatanAl-infused,automatedworlddemands:collaboration(協(xié)作)betweenpeopleandmachines,criticalthinking,speakingandwritingskills,anddatamanagement,tonamejustafewthings.　　Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting(令人生畏的):studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere'sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.Fidoesaysit'satallorder.“Areany17-year-oldsgoingtobecrazyenoughtocometosomethingthatdoesn'texistyetagainstsomethingthat'sbeenaroundfor150years?”hesays. 　　IntheU.K.,studentsapplythroughanadmissionsservicecenter,andexamresultsaremoreimportantthananythingelse.Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent'sbackground,motivationsandpassions.1.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.第23頁共23頁,C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents'skills.D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.2.What'sspecialaboutthecurriculumtheLISsetsup?A.Itissubject-centered.B.ItisbasedonAItechnology.C.Itcentersaroundsocialconcerns.D.Itcoverseveryaspectofsociety.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“it'satallorder”inPara.3mean?A.It'sinterestingtoteachinanewapproach.B.It'sboundtoputthecurriculuminorder.C.It'sexcitingtotakeonnewchallenges.D.It'shardtobuildthenewuniversity.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLISfromthelastparagraph?A.Itpaysmoreattentiontoexamresults.B.Itfocusesmoreontheface-to-faceinterview.C.Itemphasizesstudents'personalexperiencesandqualities.D.Itstressestheimportanceofitspre-determined“selectionday”.（E）Tellingsomeonetheyarenothiredisneveraneasyjob,butallhiringmanagerswillfacethisdifficultsituationmanytimesintheircareers.Whileeveryonefearsdenialonsomelevel,itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitineveryjob.Further,therearetimeswhentheapplicantqualitywillbesogreat,adecisiontorejectanapplicantmaynotreflectonthatapplicant'sabilitiesbuttheoverallqualityofthefield.Thereareanumberofmethodsthatcanbeusedtogetthemessageacrossthatapersonisnothired.Inmanycases,especiallyforthosewhowerenevercalledforaninterview,asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.Inothercases,wheresomeonemayhavebeencalledforaninterview,aphonecallorlettercouldbechosentodeliverthemessagethattheywerenothired.Incasewheretheremaybeanongoingrelationshipwiththepersonnothired,itmaybebesttobreakthenewsinperson,thoughthishastheobviouspotentialofbeingmoreuncomfortable.Aboveall,itisbesttoalwaysbehonestwiththosewhodidn'tgetthejob.Lyingisneveracceptable.Generally,itisnotagoodideatotellsomeonespecificreasonswhytheyarenothiredforajob.Thiscanonlyleadtoresentment(怨恨)andregret.However,theremaybespecifictimeswhenthiscouldbeagoodidea.Forexample,ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionthatsuitstheapplicant'sskillswillbeopeningup,thiscouldbeawaytoletthatpersonknowhemaysoonhaveanotheropportunity.Inallcases,evenifyoufeelsomeonehascheatedtoobtainaninterview,neverbehaveinawaywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflectsverypoorlynot第23頁共23頁,onlyonthehiringmanager,buttheorganizationasawhole.1.WhyaresomeapplicantsrefusedaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Theyareinterestedinotherfields.B.Theydon'tqualifyfortheposition.C.Theyareafraidofmakingdecisions.D.Theylackthecouragetofacefailures.2.Howmayanot-interviewedapplicantbeinformedoftherejection?A.Byreceivingaformalphonecall.B.Bygettingasimpleformletter.C.Bycheckingamessageonline.D.Byattendingapersonalmeeting.3.Inwhatcasewillapplicantsbetoldexactlywhytheyarenothired?A.Theyregretapplyingforthejob.B.Theydemandspecificexplanations.C.Theymaybecapableofanotherpost.D.Theyhavesubmittedfalseinformation.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthepositionofhiringmanagers?A.Itcallsforprofessionalskills.B.Itattractstheapplicantsmost.C.Itdoesn'tallowofanymistake.D.Itrequireshonestyandambition.（F）Theysaythatpicturesareworthathousandwords,butthebriefestlookatbooksandthemoviesbasedonthemwouldhaveanyonequestioningthiscommonsaying.Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic“turkeys”.Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer'sTheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?Moviesneedstrongcharacters.SowhyhavethemoviesbasedonTheGreatGatsbyneverbeenpraisedas“great”?Moviesofcourseneedimpressiveimages,sowhyhasAliceinWonderlandonlyresultedinmoviesbestdescribedas“interesting”?Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.ThisissomethingthateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan'tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednottoseesomeoftheirfavoritecharactersinthemovieversions.Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon'tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.Take,forexample,theepicmovieTroy,whichisinpartbasedonHomer'sTheIliadandwasmet第23頁共23頁,withmixedreviewsfromtheaudiences.ThemostquestionableissuewastheactresschosentoplaythepartofHelen.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn'tliveuptoHelen'stitleof“themostbeautifulwomanintheworld”,influencingopinionsofthemovietosomeextent.ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople'seyes.Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.Interestingly,audienceshaveinrecentyearsturnedtotelevisionseriessuchasSherlockorMadMen,whichcanhavemanycharactersandgradualplotdevelopment.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald'smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselvesgluedtotheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby. 1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthemovieadaptationistrue?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.ThecharactersinTheOdysseydonotstandout.B.ThemovieTroydoesn'tlookthewaywevisualizedwhilereadingthebook.C.ThevisualimagesarenotasstrikingasthedescriptionsinthebookTheGreatGatsby.D.SomepartsofthestoryandcharactersaremissinginthemovieAliceinWonderland.2.Oneofthereasonswhyadaptationsdisappointtheaudienceisthat　　　. A.theylackgoodstorytellingB.theimagesarenotimpressiveenoughC.thecharactersinthemoviesarenotstrongandinterestingD.thereisnotenoughtimeformoviestofullypresentthewholestory3.Theunderlinedpart“originalsource”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto　　　. A.audienceB.bookC.charactersD.images4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Goodbooksmaynotbeadaptedforgreatmovies.B.Readingbooksisbetterthanwatchingmovies.C.Peoplearedissatisfiedwiththecurrentmovies.D.Peopleareexpressingtheirpreferencetoreadingbooks.（G）“Ifyoudon'tbehave,I'llcallthepolice.”isaliethatparentsgenerallyusetogettheiryoungchildrentobehave.Parents'liesworkintheshortterm,butanewstudyledbyNTUSingaporesuggeststhatthey'reassociatedwithharmfuleffectswhenthechildbecomesanadult.Theresearchteamasked379Singaporeanyoungadultswhethertheirparentsliedtothemwhentheywerechildren,howmuchtheylietotheirparentsnow,andhowwelltheyadjusttoadulthoodchallenges.Adultswhoreportedbeingliedtomoreaschildrenweremorelikelytoreportdeceivingtheirparentsintheiradulthood.Theyalsosaidtheyfacedgreaterdifficultyinmeetingpsychologicalandsocialchallenges.LeadauthorAssistantProfessorSetohPeipeifromNTUSingapore'sSchoolofSocialSciencessaid,“Parentingbylyingcanseemtosavetimeespeciallywhentherealreasonsbehind第23頁共23頁,whyparentswantchildrentodosomethingarecomplicatedtoexplain.Whenparentstellchildrenthat‘honestyisthebestpolicy’,butdisplaydishonestybylying,suchbehaviourcansendconflictingmessagestotheirchildren.Parents'dishonestymayeventuallybreaktrustandpromotedishonestyinchildren.Ourresearchsuggeststhatparentingbylyingisapracticethathasbadconsequencesforchildrenwhentheygrowup.Parentsshouldbeawareofthisandconsideralternativestolying,suchasacknowledgingchildren'sfeelings,givinginformationsochildrenknowwhattoexpect,andofferingchoicesandproblem-solvingtogether,tohelpchildrendevelopgoodbehaviour.”Theanalysisfoundthatparentingbylyingcouldplacechildrenatagreaterriskofdevelopingproblemsthatthesocietydisapproves,suchasaggressionandrule-breakingbehaviour.Somelimitationsofthestudyincluderelyingonwhatyoungadultsreportabouttheirpastexperiencesofparents'lying.“Futureresearchcanexploreusingmoreinformationproviders,suchasparents,toreportonthesametopic,”suggestedAssistantProfessorSetoh.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.Whyisaparentalliementionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.B.Totellapopularwaytoeducatechildren.C.Toprovethegreatinfluenceofthepolice.D.Toshowtheharmfuleffectsofparentallies.2.Theunderlinedword“deceiving”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto　　　. A.worryingB.abusingC.disappointingD.cheating3.Accordingtotheresearch,whichofthefollowingcanparentsdo?A.Givechildrenchancestochoose.B.Forcegoodbehaviouronchildren.C.Letchildrensolveproblemsalone.D.Stopchildrenknowingwhattoexpect.4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimplyaboutthestudy?A.Itisquitecontroversial.B.Itisrathermeaningless.C.Itneedstobeperfected.D.Itdemandshonestresponses.參考答案(A)第23頁共23頁,1.C　根據(jù)第一段中Asfarastheproblemswithtoday'sschoolsareconcerned,wecangobacktohowourculturehasevolved.可知,就當(dāng)今學(xué)校的問題而言,我們可以追溯到我們的文化是如何演變的。由此可推知,“suchnews”指的是學(xué)校里的問題,即“這樣的新聞”一開始最可能涉及的是教育問題。故選C項。2.D　根據(jù)第三段中Theyreportthatthereis,amongmorechildrenthanever,alackofmotivation,nodrivetosucceedoreventry.可知,他們報告說,比以往任何時候都多,孩子們?nèi)狈恿?沒有成功的動力,甚至沒有嘗試的動力。由此可知,今天的文化給孩子們帶來了太多的負(fù)面影響。故選D項。3.B　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Theyneedtocareenoughtoseethattheirchildrenarenotattackedwiththerubbishthatcomesfrommovie,televisionandcomputerscreens.可知,他們需要足夠的關(guān)心,以確保他們的孩子不會受到來自電影、電視和電腦屏幕的垃圾的攻擊。由此可知,在今天的文化中,父母必須讓他們的孩子遠(yuǎn)離媒體的不良影響。故選B項。4.C　根據(jù)最后一段Untilwe,asaculture,facethetruthaboutourselves—thatwearenotprovidingadequatelyforagreatmanyofourchildren—thestormwillcontinuetorageoveroureducationsystem.可知,直到我們,作為一個文化,面對我們自己的真相——我們沒有為我們的許多孩子提供足夠的東西——這場風(fēng)暴將繼續(xù)肆虐我們的教育系統(tǒng)。由此可推知,作者對當(dāng)今文化的態(tài)度是不滿意的。故選C項。(B)1.B　根據(jù)第一段中的ButthenumberofvisitorsreallyexplodedafterthereleaseofDisney'smovie“Frozen”in2013.可知,將這個小村莊真正推向世界的是熱門電影《冰雪奇緣》。2.A　該題需要結(jié)合第一段和第二段信息,計算得出答案。根據(jù)第一段中的Thenumberofvisitorswhoarrivehereeachdayishuge—upto10,000visitors.可知,每天有多達(dá)1萬名游客到小村莊;根據(jù)第二段中的Withthenumberofvisitorsmentionedaboveaday,that'sover12touristsforeverypersoninHallstatt.可知,每天這個小鎮(zhèn)每一個人要接待多于12名游客,由此推知這個村莊的居民大概有800人。3.D　第二段談到:大量游客的到來給村民生活帶來極大騷擾,從今年開始,Hallstall將啟動一項計劃,限制運送游客的巴士數(shù)量。但是村民們也承認(rèn),在旅游熱潮之前,人們會離開Hallstatt去找工作,現(xiàn)在很多人的工作都依賴游客。由此推知,村民對此感到進(jìn)退兩難。4.C　最后一段作者談到:Hallstatt的風(fēng)景對游客來說可以大飽眼福,但對錢包來說卻恰恰相反;酒店房間的價格在350美元到450美元之間,使用公共浴室要花一美元以上。顯然作者意在說明去這里旅游是要花大價錢的。(C)1.C　文章主要討論的不是真實的花園,而是生命的花園。根據(jù)第二段第一句Whataboutyourlifegarden?第23頁共23頁,可推知,作者在第一段介紹經(jīng)營一個花園的好處是為了引出文章主要的討論對象——生命的花園。故選C項。2.C　根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句話Justasabeautifulgardenisaworkinprogress,soisthegardeninyourmind.Ittakesconsciouseffort,planning,constantnurturing(培育)andweedingtogrowagarden.可知,只有“我們”有意識的努力和持續(xù)的照顧,才能讓“我們”生命的花園與美麗的花園相似。故選C項。3.D　根據(jù)文章第三段第三、四句話可知:只有將花園中的雜草去除,才能使花園更加美麗。而負(fù)能量和不好的話語就像美麗花園中的雜草,只有使用“除草劑”將其去除才能使我們的人生更美麗,不能任由它破壞我們的人生。因此,作者將負(fù)能量和不好的話語比作雜草是為了告訴讀者,它們需要在傳播之前被移除。故選D項。4.C　根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句Findagood“weedkiller”—abook,aninspirationalstory,apositivestatement—tohelpyougetridofthethoughtsthatruinthebeautyofyourgarden.可知,一本書、一個鼓舞人心的故事、一個積極的言論,這些“正能量”的事物都是人生中的“除草劑”。故選C項。(D)1.B　根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞aim可定位至文章第一段第一句,倫敦跨學(xué)科學(xué)院(LIS)計劃于2021年開學(xué),目標(biāo)招收100名學(xué)生,該學(xué)院將放棄傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)術(shù)科目,提供3年的人文科學(xué)和自然科學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位,旨在處理現(xiàn)實生活的問題。故選B項。2.C　根據(jù)文章第二段第二、三句可知,這一想法類似于美國的人文科學(xué)學(xué)位,但也更側(cè)重于多個學(xué)科——經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)、社會學(xué)、統(tǒng)計學(xué)等——以解決像兒童肥胖這樣的復(fù)雜問題。換句話說,問題,而不是學(xué)科,是課程的中心。C項意為“它以社會關(guān)注為中心”。故選C項。3.D　根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句可知,“任何一個17歲的孩子會瘋狂到去一個還不存在的地方,而不是已經(jīng)存在了150年的地方嗎?”這句話和畫線處是在說該大學(xué)課程的難以實現(xiàn)和實施。D項意為“建造這所新大學(xué)很困難”,符合文意。故選D項。4.C　根據(jù)文章最后一段大意,在英國,學(xué)生通過招生服務(wù)中心申請,考試成績比其他任何事情都重要。相反,在LIS,學(xué)生將在預(yù)先確定的“選拔日”直接申請,每個人都被邀請參加。這一天將包括面對面的面試,這樣學(xué)?？梢愿玫亓私鈱W(xué)生的背景、動機和激情。因此C項“它強調(diào)學(xué)生的個人經(jīng)驗和素質(zhì)”符合該段含義。故選C項。(E)1.B　根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Whileeveryonefearsdenialonsomelevel,itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitineveryjob.(雖然每個人都在某種程度上害怕被否定,但重要的是要明白,不是每個人都能勝任每一份工作。)”可知,有些申請者會被拒絕是因為他們不適合這個職位。故選B項。2.B　根據(jù)文章第二段第二句“Inmanycases,especiallyforthosewhowerenevercalledforaninterview,asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.第23頁共23頁,(在很多情況下,特別是對那些從未被要求面試的人來說,一封簡單的套用信函就足夠了。)”可知,通知以前從未接受面試的申請人,可以通過一封簡單的套用信函。故選B項。3.C　根據(jù)文章第三段第四句“Forexample,ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionthatsuitstheapplicant'sskillswillbeopeningup,thiscouldbeawaytoletthatpersonknowhemaysoonhaveanotheropportunity.(例如,如果一個應(yīng)聘者很有前途,而招聘經(jīng)理認(rèn)為會有一個適合他技能的職位出現(xiàn),這可以讓那個人知道他很快就會有另一個機會。)”可知,當(dāng)應(yīng)聘者也許能勝任另一個職位時,申請人可以被告知為什么他們沒有被錄用。故選C項。4.A　根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inallcases,evenifyoufeelsomeonehascheatedtoobtainaninterview,neverbehaveinawaywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflectsverypoorlynotonlyonthehiringmanager,buttheorganizationasawhole.(在任何情況下,即使你覺得有人通過欺騙的手段通過了面試,永遠(yuǎn)不要表現(xiàn)得比他們優(yōu)越。這樣做很不專業(yè),不僅會給招聘經(jīng)理,也會給整個組織帶來不好的影響。)”可推斷出,招聘經(jīng)理的職位需要專業(yè)技能。故選A項。(F)1.B　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthings...wasmetwithmixedreviewsfromtheaudiences.電影也會讓我們失望,因為事情并不像我們在書中想象的那樣。以史詩電影《特洛伊》為例,這部電影中的部分基于荷馬的《伊利亞特》,觀眾對它的評價褒貶不一?？芍娪啊短芈逡痢泛臀覀冏x原著時想象的不一樣。故選B項。2.D　根據(jù)第三段中Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.這背后的一個關(guān)鍵原因是,一本書通常需要幾天時間才能讀完,而一部電影通常持續(xù)不到兩個小時?？芍木庪娪白層^眾失望的一個原因是沒有足夠的時間讓電影完整地呈現(xiàn)整個故事。故選D項。3.B　根據(jù)最后一段中Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentforms...andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.此外,書籍和電影是兩種不同的媒體形式,因此有不同的規(guī)則。考慮到這一點,也許我們應(yīng)該根據(jù)一部電影本身來評判它,而不是根據(jù)它的原始來源(即書籍)來評判它。可知此處是說電影不同于書籍的評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn),因此畫線詞originalsource意為“書籍、書本”。故選B項。 4.A　根據(jù)第一段中Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic“turkeys”.很多時候,偉大的詞匯最終變成了電影里的“火雞”。第二段中Ifso,...basedonTheGreatGatsbyneverbeenpraisedas第23頁共23頁,“great”?如果是這樣的話,為什么最早也是最偉大的西方敘事作品之一荷馬的《奧德賽》卻沒有一部同樣偉大的電影以它為基礎(chǔ)呢?電影需要強有力的角色。那么,為什么以《了不起的蓋茨比》為基礎(chǔ)的電影從來沒有被稱贊為“了不起”呢?以及通過下文的描述,可知本文主要是講述了好的書籍可能搬上熒屏?xí)r不會是一部好的電影,并分析了其背后的一些原因,因此本文選項A:“好書可能不會被改編成偉大的電影。”符合題意。故選A項。(G)1.A　作者在第一段引用了父母在育兒時普遍會用到的一個謊言,后面圍繞父母“撒謊式”教育孩子這個話題展開了討論和講述。由此可知,這個父母的謊言就是為了引入本文的話題。故選A項。2.D　根據(jù)第二段第一句:研究小組詢問了379名新加坡年輕人:他們小時候父母是否欺騙過他們,他們現(xiàn)在對父母撒了多少謊,以及他們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對成年之后的挑戰(zhàn)。由此推斷出此處應(yīng)該是:那些孩童時期被欺騙得更多的成年人更有可能在成年后欺騙(cheat)父母。故選D項。3.A　根據(jù)第三段最后一句話:父母應(yīng)該意識到這一點,并考慮替代說謊的方法,比如承認(rèn)孩子的感受,提供信息讓孩子知道會發(fā)生什么,提供選擇和一起解決問題,以幫助孩子養(yǎng)成良好的行為。由此可知,父母應(yīng)該考慮給孩子們提供選擇。故選A項。4.C　根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句話:這項研究的一些局限性包括依賴于年輕人對他們關(guān)于父母撒謊的過去的經(jīng)歷的報告。助理教授Setoh說:“未來的研究可以利用更多的信息提供者,比如父母,來報道同樣的話題。”由此推斷出該項研究還有缺陷,有待于進(jìn)一步去完善。故選C項。第23頁共23頁