A卷——小題夯基練Ⅰ.語境填詞1．Therewasaworriedexpression(表情)onherface,soIcouldn'thelpaskingherwhathadhappened.2．Afterthecompasswasinvented,itallowedsailorstomakevoyage(航行)acrosstheAtlantic.3．YoucanfindmanychancestospeakEnglishwiththenative(本地的)speakerstoimproveyourspokenEnglish.4．Ifyouwanttoimproveyourreadingskill,youshouldhavealargevocabulary(詞匯量)first.5．Formyfamily,bothBeijingandXi'anareworthvisiting.Finally,wedecidedonthelatter(后者)．6．Herfathertoldhertostandupstraight(筆直地)andalwayshaveconfidenceinherself.7．Sherequested(要求)thatnoonebetoldofherdecisionuntilthenextmeeting.8．Attheageof29,Davewaslivinginasmallapartment(公寓)nearBostonandwonderingwhattodoabouthisfuture.Ⅱ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)1．(2020·新高考山東卷)Inordertoenrich(rich)ourcampuslife,ourschoolorganizeda5kmcross－countryrunningracelastSunday.2．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)Recently,Ilearnedinyourofficial(office)websitethatavolunteerisneededforanexhibitionoftraditionalChinesepaintinginLondon.3．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactually(actual)saysmoreaboutthestudent.4．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)However，withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineastern_(east)cities.5．(2018·浙江卷6月滿分作文)AndItreasurethisasagoodchancetobroadenmyviewaswellasimprovemyspoken(speak)English.6．(2019·江蘇卷)China'simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries recognizing(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.7．TraditionalChinesemedicineisbeinggradually(gradual)recognizedbyforeigners,whileitstillhasalongwaytogo.8．MyparentscanspeakEnglishfluently(fluent),sotheycanunderstandwhatPetersays.Ⅲ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)1．(2019·北京卷)Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone,andmuchofitis_based(base)ontrustandexistingrelationships.2．MostkindsofroseplantscomefromAsia.ButrosesarealsonativetootherareasincludingnorthwestAfrica,EuropeandtheUnitedStates.3．Ihavetwogoodfriends,MaryandLily.Theformerisgoodatdancing,andthelattercanspeakDanishfluently.4．Itwasmoreherhardworkthanherclevernessthatledtohersuccess.5．Asisreported,thenumberofvisitorstoHainanhas_increased(increase)sharplyduringthelasttwomonths.6．Ithinkmyfatherismyhero.Thatisbecauseheisagoodteacherofmylifeandwoulddoanythingforme.7．Myhometownhaschangedgreatlysincetenyearsago,anditnolongerlooksthesameasitusedtobe.8．Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,soweshouldcherishthefriendship.Ⅳ.易錯誤用(改正下列語句中的錯誤，每句最多兩處錯誤)1．Theotherday，whenagreatideacameupwithatthemeeting,ourbossimmediatelyfallsinlovewithit.Thenhesenthissecretary，whohadagoodcommandinEnglish,toflytoAmericaformoreinformation.答案：第一句：刪除第一個with；falls→fell；第二句：in→of；2．Thereisnosuchagoodthingasafreelunchinthisworld,soyoumustthinktwicebeforeacceptingsoanexpensivegift.答案：刪除第一個a;第二個so→such3．Theyarefacedwiththesamekindsofchallengesandproblemsinlifelikeyou are.答案：like→as4．AsfarasIknow，hewasveryangrybecausewhatyousaidjustnow.答案：在because后加of5．ZhangLanhasagoodcommandofEnglish.That'swhyshespentmuchtimelearningthelanguage.答案：why→becauseⅤ.完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．對中國人來說，想把英語說得像以英語為母語的人一樣好，并不容易。ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersonto_speak_English_as_well_as_a_native_English_speaker．2．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ滿分作文)I'dbeverydelightedifyoucouldcomeandsharethisjoyfulmomentwithme.→I'dbemore_thandelightedifyoucouldcomeandsharethisjoyfulmomentwithme.3．ThebookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishasbeginnerscanunderstand.→Thebookiswritteninsuch_easy_English_thatbeginnerscanunderstandit.(結(jié)果狀語從句)4．WhenIheardwhattheheadmastersaid,Iwasverygladandmyheartbeatwildly.→Hearing_what_the_headmaster_said,_Iwasverygladandmyheartbeatwildly.(分詞作狀語)5．(2018·浙江卷6月滿分作文)我將充分利用這次機會練習我的口語技能，以獲得更多的經(jīng)驗。①Iwillmake_full_use_of_this_opportunitytopractisemyspeakingskillsandgetmoreexperience.②Iwilltake_full_advantage_of_this_opportunitytopractisemyspeakingskillsandgetmoreexperience.③Iwillmake_the_best/most_of_this_opportunitytopractisemyspeakingskillsandgetmoreexperience. 6．你既然發(fā)現(xiàn)計劃有錯誤的地方，為什么不改變主意呢？①Why_not_change_your_mindnowthatyouhavefoundthatthereissomethingwrongwithyourplan?②Why_don't_you_change_your_mindnowthatyouhavefoundthatthereissomethingwrongwithyourplan?B卷——大題提能練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·福州高三畢業(yè)班適應性練習卷)Whilemanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe've“summered”．“Summer”isclearlyanoun,moreprecisely,averbednoun.Waybackinourchildhood,wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuchacleardefinition,itwaseasytospotthedifference.Notsoinadulthood,whereweareexpectedto“foot”thebill,“chair”committees,and“dialogue”withpoliticalopponents.Chancesareyoudidn'tfeeluncomfortableaboutthesightofthoseverbednouns.“TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage，”saysPatriciaO'Conner,aformereditoratTheNewYorkTimesBookReview.Expertsestimatedthat20percentofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Andthephenomenonseemstobesnowballing.Since1900,about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.Eventhoughtheconversion(轉(zhuǎn)化)isquiteuniversal，plentyofgrammariansobjecttothepractice.WilliamStrunkJr.andE．B.White,inTheElementsofStyle—anauthoritative(權(quán)威性的)bookfortheuseofAmericanEnglish—havethistosay,“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad,butallaresuspect.”TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.“Sometimespeopleobjecttoanewverbbecausetheyresistwhatisunfamiliartothem，”saysO'Conner.That'swhywe'recomfortable“hosting”aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof“medaling”insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?BenjaminDreyer,copychiefatRandomHouse,doesn'tofferarule,butsuggeststhatpeoplethinktwiceabout“verbifying”anounifit'seasilyreplacedbyan alreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit'sdescriptivebutnotsillysounding,hesays.Intheend,however,styleissubjective.TheeasyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpartofEnglishgrammarforcenturies;itisoneoftheprocessesthatmakeEnglish“English”．Noteverycoinage(新創(chuàng)的詞語)passesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.1．Whatcanwelearnabouttheverbingofnouns?A．Ithasn'trecentlybeenopposedbymanygrammarians.B．Itismorecommonlyacceptedbychildrenthanadults.C．Ithasn'tbeenararephenomenonsincelastcentury.D．Itiseasilyreplacedbyexistingverbsinpractice.2．Whatismostleadingexperts'attitudetowardsthepracticeoftheverbingofnouns?A．Cautious.B．Satisfied.C．Disappointed.D．Unconcerned.3．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofendingtheverbingofnouns?A．Predictable.B．Practicable.C．Approaching.D．Impossible.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Are40PercentofAllNewVerbsfromNouns?B．AreSummeringandMedalingAnnoying?C．AreYouComfortableAboutaNewVerb?D．AreThereAnyRulesforVerbing?【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文。在英語中把名詞動詞化的做法很普遍，但是很多語法學家反對這種做法，而且有時這樣做也可能會讓我們失望，因此我們要慎用名詞的動詞化。1．C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句“Since1900，about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.”可知，自1900年以來，大約40%的新動詞來自名詞。據(jù)此可知，自20世紀以來，名詞的動詞化就成了常見的現(xiàn)象，故C項正確。 2．A　解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad，butallaresuspect.”可知，針對名詞的動詞化這一現(xiàn)象，兩位權(quán)威的語法學家認為并非所有這種做法都是不好的，但所有都是不可靠的。據(jù)此可推知，權(quán)威專家對把名詞動詞化的做法持謹慎的態(tài)度，故A項正確。3．D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段尾句“Noteverycoinage(新創(chuàng)的詞語)passesintogeneraluse，butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether，forgetit.”可知，不是每個新創(chuàng)的詞語都會普遍使用，但是至于試圖結(jié)束名詞的動詞化，那就算了吧。據(jù)此可推知，作者認為結(jié)束名詞的動詞化是不可能的，故D項正確。A項意為“可預見的”，B項意為“可行的、行得通的”，都與文意不符。4．B　解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章首段以summer一詞為例引出主題：名詞的動詞化；接著文章表述把名詞動詞化的做法很普遍，但有很多語法學家反對這種做法，而且這樣做有時可能會讓我們失望，因此我們要慎用名詞的動詞化。故B項最適合作本文標題。B(2021·日照高三第一次校際聯(lián)合考試)Tylerattendedmyclassforasemester.Hehadangermanagementissues.Hehadbeensuspendedmanytimesinpreviousyears.Whenheenteredmyclassinhissenioryear,Iassumedtheworst.Inmyclass,ifTylergotananswerwrong,hewouldbecomeangry.Aboutamonthintotheyear,IwasstilltryingtoconnectwithTyler.Icanusuallygetstudentsinvolvedinclassdiscussionsoratleastmotivatethemtositquietlyandattentively.Bycontrast,Tylerwasjustloudandunpleasant.Oneday,TylerwastalkingwhileIwasteaching.Inthemiddleofthelesson,Isaid, “Tyler,whydon'tyoujoinourdiscussioninsteadofhavingoneofyourown？”Withthat,hegotupfromhischair,pusheditover,andyelledsomethingrude.IreferredTylertotheheadmasterandhereceivedaweek'soutofschoolsuspension.TheweekTylerwasoutofschoolwaswonderfulbutthesuspensionweeksooncametoanend.OnthedayofTyler'sreturn,Istoodatthedoorwaitingforhim.AssoonasIsawhim,IaskedTylertotalktomeforamoment.Heseemedunhappytodoitbutagreed.ItoldhimthatIwantedtostartoverwithhim.Ialsotoldhimthatifhefeltlikehewasgoingtolosecontrolinclass,hehadmypermissiontostepoutsidethedoorforamomenttocollecthimself.Fromthatpointon,Tylerwasachangedstudent.Helistenedandheparticipated.Hewasasmartstudent,somethingIcouldfinallywitnessinhim.Heevenstoppedafightbetweentwootherstudentsoneday.Attheendoftheyear,Tylerwrotemeathankyounoteabouthowgoodtheyearhadbeenforhim.TodayIstillfindittouchingtorereadwhenIgetstressedaboutteaching.Thisexperiencechangedmeasateacher.Icametounderstandthatstudentsarepeoplewhohavefeelingsandwhodon'twanttofeelcornered.Theywanttolearnbuttheyalsowanttofeelasiftheyhavesomecontroloverthemselves.Inevermadeassumptionsagainaboutstudentsbeforetheycameintomyclass.Everystudentisdifferent;notwostudentsreactinthesameway.5．Whatdidtheauthorassumeatthebeginningoftheschoolyear?A．Hewouldhavetosuspendastudent.B．Hewouldwitnessfightsbetweenstudents.C．Hewouldhavetroubledealingwithastudent.D．Hewouldbeunabletomotivatethestudents.6．WhywasTylerpunished?A．Hedestroyedachair.B．Herefusedtoansweraquestion.C．Hewasunwillingtojoinadiscussion.D．Hebehavedtoorudelytowardtheteacher.7．HowdidtheauthorstartoverwithTyler?A．Byhavinghimtalktotheheadmasterabouthisproblem.B．Byencouraginghimtoparticipateinclassroomactivities. C．Bywritingheartfeltnotestohimwhenfeelingdepressed.D．Byallowinghimtocollecthimselfoutsidetheclassroom.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ADemandingProfessionB．ASuccessfulLearnerC．PreassumptionsaboutTroubledStudentsD．MendingClassroomMisbehavior【解題導語】　本文是一篇記敘文。泰勒是一個不會管理自己憤怒情緒的學生。有一天泰勒因為在課堂上發(fā)脾氣，對老師舉止粗魯而被停課一周。當他回到學校后，作為老師，作者和他進行了一次談話，并允許他在情緒不好的時候去門外面待一會兒使自己鎮(zhèn)靜。從那以后，泰勒的表現(xiàn)有了很大的改變。5．C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Hehadangermanagementissues.Hehadbeensuspendedmanytimesinpreviousyears.Whenheenteredmyclassinhissenioryear，Iassumedtheworst.”可以推斷，作者在學年開始時認為，他在與泰勒打交道的時候會有麻煩，故選C。6．D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Withthat，hegotupfromhischair，pusheditover，andyelledsomethingrude.”可知，泰勒之所以受到懲罰是因為他對老師舉止粗魯，故D項正確。7．D　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ialsotoldhimthatifhefeltlikehewasgoingtolosecontrolinclass，hehadmypermissiontostepoutsidethedoorforamomenttocollecthimself.”可知，作者允許泰勒在課堂上感覺要失去控制的時候去門外面待一會兒來使自己鎮(zhèn)靜，故選D。8．D　解析：標題歸納題。結(jié)合文章大意可知，本文主要講述了學年之初，作者的班里來了一名問題學生，有一天該學生因為在課堂上發(fā)脾氣，對自己舉止粗魯而被停課一周，但之后作者與該學生進行溝通并允許學生在快要失控時去門外待一會兒使他自己鎮(zhèn)靜，此后，該學生的行為有了很大的改變，故D 項適合作本篇文章的標題。Ⅱ.七選五(2021·廣州高三調(diào)研)LearningtounderstandspokenEnglishcanbedifficult.Learnersmustnotonlymasternewphrases,butalsolearnconversationalidioms.That'salottolearn!Buttheymaysoonrealizethereissomethingelsegoingon.1.________Thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled“registers”．Intheirwork，languageexpertsidentifythreemajorfactorsthataffecttheregisterofspokenEnglish：theplaceoftheconversation,therelationshipbetweenthespeakers,andthepurposeoftheconversation.2．________Eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.Athome,onemightsay,“C'mon,Iwannaleave.”Thesamepersonatworkmightsay,“Areyoureadytogonow？”Therelationshipbetweenthespeakersalsoaffectsthelanguagetheyusewhentalkingwitheachother.Peoplespeaklessformallytofriendsandmoreformallytostrangers.3.________Peoplewhoknoweachotherwellmightusemoreidiomsandmoreslangintheirspeech.Anangrywomanmighttellherdaughterto“hushyourmouth”andhersisterto“quietdown”．Finally,thepurposeoftheconversationaffectspeople'sspeech.Apersonwhowantstoeasehurtfeelingsusesasoft，quiettone.4.________Fewspeakersrealizethattheychangeregistersaccordingtothesefactors.5.________Wearenotawarethatwemakethesechanges.Weacceptthechangeabilityoftheweather,butweoftenrefusetoacceptthechangeabilityofspeech.A．Infact,mostpeoplestronglydenyit.B．Peoplegenerallyspeaklessatworkthantheydoathome.C．Theverysamepersonspeaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations.D．Therefore，weshouldbecarefulnottohurteachotherwithourspeech.E．Ontheotherhand,apersonwhowantstopickafightspeaksrapidlyandloudly.F．Theplacewheretheconversationtakesplacedirectlyaffectsthelanguageoftheconversation.G．Becausetheyalreadyshareinformationandexperiencewithfriends,theydonot needtoexplainasmuch.【解題導語】　本文是一篇說明文。語言專家發(fā)現(xiàn)，影響英語口語語體風格的三個主要因素是：談話的地點、說話者之間的關系以及談話的目的。1．C　解析：空后一句“Thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled‘registers’．”與C項中的“speaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations”相呼應，說明同一個人在不同的情況下說話風格不同，故選C項。2．F　解析：根據(jù)空后一句“Eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.”可知，即使是一起工作和生活的兩個最好的朋友，他們在辦公室里交談的方式也可能更正式；并結(jié)合該段所舉的例子和第一段最后一句可知，本段應是講述影響英語口語語體風格的因素之一——談話的地點，故F項與此處匹配。3．G　解析：根據(jù)空前一句“Peoplespeaklessformallytofriendsandmoreformallytostrangers.”可知，人們對朋友說話不太正式，而對陌生人說話則比較正式。據(jù)此可推知，空處應是解釋其原因，即因為他們已經(jīng)和朋友分享了信息和經(jīng)歷，所以他們不需要解釋太多。故G項正確。4．E　解析：根據(jù)空前兩句可知，談話的目的會影響人們說話的方式。一個人想要緩解受傷的情感，就會使用輕柔的語調(diào)。據(jù)此可推知，空處與此相對，說明想找麻煩的人說話語速快且聲音大，故E項正確。5．A　解析：根據(jù)最后一段中的“Fewspeakersrealize”“refusetoaccept”可知，A項“事實上，大部分人強烈地否認它(說話風格的改變)”符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·南京高三學情調(diào)研)MichaelToddwasfoundinthesameclotheseveryday.Whentheotherkidsbegantonoticethathe1.____________(wear)thesameblackpantsandblueshirtdayafterday,Todd,2.____________freshmanatahighschoolinMemphis,becamethetargetofoffensiveremarksandlaughter.3.____________there waslittleToddcoulddo.Hismothersimplycouldn'tafford4.____________(buy)himnewclothes.TwoofthekidswereAntwanGarrettandKristopherGraham,apairoffreshmanfootballplayers.Butovertime,theyrealizedthattheirunfriendlywordsfeltlikebullyingandseemedtobeslowlydestroyingTodd'sspirit.Somethingfinallyclicked.Theydecidedtodosomething,sotheywenthomeandhuntedthroughtheirowndrawersandclosets.Thenextdayatschool,theyaskedToddtocomeintothehall.Toddwasunderstandablyworriedabout5.____________(call)outbythelargerboys.“Hewasn'tsmilingoranything，”Grahamsaid.“Itoldhim,‘I'dliketomakean6.____________(apologize)forlaughingatyou,andIwanttogivesomethingtoyoutomake7.____________up.’”HethenhandedToddalargebag,inside8.____________werecleanshirtsandshorts,plusabrandnewpairofNewBalancesneakers.Toddwasblownaway.“Iwasveryhappy，”hetoldWATNTV.“9.____________(complete)shocked.”AndToddgotmuchmorethananewwardrobe.Nowheeatswithhisnewfriends,GarrettandGraham.“I'vebeenbulliedmyentirelife，”ToddtoldCBSNews.10.____________(reflect)onthedaywhenGarrettandGrahamcalledhimintothehall,headded,“Thatisthebestdayofmyentirelife,basically.”【解題導語】　本文是一篇記敘文。邁克爾·托德家里窮，沒有錢買新衣服，總是穿著黑色的褲子和藍色的襯衫上學，遭到了班上一些同學的嘲笑。其中兩位同學后來覺得他們這樣做傷害了邁克爾·托德，便誠懇地向他道歉，并將自己的一些衣物送給了他。邁克爾·托德很震驚，也很高興，和他們成了朋友。1．waswearing/wore　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。結(jié)合該句內(nèi)容可知，其他孩子注意到邁克爾·托德正穿著同一件黑褲子和藍襯衫，故可以用過去進行時；或者根據(jù)上句可知，邁克爾·托德總是穿著同樣的衣服，講述的是過去的事情，故此處也可用一般過去時。2．a(chǎn)　解析：考查冠詞。該處泛指一位高一學生，又freshman的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞a。 3．But/Yet　解析：考查連詞。上句說高一新生邁克爾·托德成為其他孩子嘲笑和言語攻擊的對象；該句說邁克爾·托德對此幾乎什么都不能做。由此可知，空處前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，故用But/Yet。4．tobuy　解析：考查非謂語動詞。affordtodosth.為固定用法，意為“能夠做某事”。5．beingcalled　解析：考查語態(tài)和非謂語動詞。根據(jù)該句中的“bythelargerboys”可知，該處用被動語態(tài)；介詞后接名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式等，此處作about的賓語，空處應用動詞ing形式，故用beingcalled。6．a(chǎn)pology　解析：考查名詞。冠詞后接名詞，根據(jù)冠詞an可知，空處用名詞形式。makeanapologytosb.forsth.為固定用法，意為“因某事向某人道歉”。7．it　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空處指代該句中的“l(fā)aughingatyou”，作make的賓語，故用代詞it。8．which　解析：考查定語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為表示物的alargebag，關系詞作介詞inside的賓語，故用which引導該定語從句。9．Completely　解析：考查副詞。副詞修飾形容詞，空處修飾形容詞shocked，故用副詞形式。10．Reflecting　解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)和語境可知，主語he和動詞reflect之間為邏輯上的主謂關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。