課后雙卷·練透提能得分點A卷　單元語基鞏固卷Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thetradeagreementhelped(to)strengthen(strength)thebondsbetweenthetwocountries.2．Concerned(concern)aboutthehealthofherson，Mrs.Jacksonwenttoschooltovisithimeveryweek.3．Itisurgentthatfoodandclothing(should)besent(send)tothesufferers.4．Althoughbuilt(build)tenyearsago，thehousestilllooksnew.5．InChina，masses(mass)ofgraduatesgoabroadtohaveafurtherstudyeveryyear.6．Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimtofindthetrailagain.7．Themeetingtobeheld(hold)tomorrowisimportant.8．Ididn'tmeantoeatanythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelptrying(try)it.9．Theflowersgiveoutasweetsmell，whichmakesusrelaxed.10．Bigsportingevents，concertsandexhibitionscanincreasethecostofaccommodationandmakeithardertofindaroom.Ⅱ.選詞填空cutdown;oneafteranother;takein;giveout;inanutshellIt'sgenerallyagreedthattreesdoalotofgoodtotheenvironment.They1.takeincarbondioxideand2.giveoutoxygen.3.Inanutshell，ifwekeepon4.cuttingdowntrees，disasterslikesandstormsarelikelytocome5.oneafteranother．becaughtin;haveabadeffecton;lookthrough;asaresultofNowadaysthenumberofelectricbikesisrisingrapidly，which6.hasabadeffectontheroadsafety.Oftenwe7.arecaughtinthetrafficjam8.asaresultofelectricbikedriversnotobeyingtrafficrules.Andifwe9.lookthroughnewspapers，wecanoftenseeaccidentscausedbyelectricbikes.Ⅲ.完成句子1．老師似乎已經(jīng)知道湯姆發(fā)生了什么事。TheteacherappearedtohaveknownwhathadhappenedtoTom.2．一天晚上當我握住爸爸的手時，我不禁注意到他手上的老繭和粗糙。AsIheldmyfather'shandsonenight，Icouldn'thelpbutnoticetheircallusesandroughness. 3．教授說得太快，使得學生很難跟上他。Theprofessorspokeveryfast，makingitdifficultforthestudentstofollowhim．4．就我個人而言，必須做些什么來阻止這種非法行為。AsfarasIamconcerned，somethingmustbedonetostoptheillegalaction.5．我花費很長時間才理解了你的話。Ittookmealongtimetotakeinwhatyousaid．6．天氣是如此好以至于我們決定出去散散步。Itwassuchgoodweatherthatwedecidedtogooutforawalk.Ⅳ.片段寫作——用本單元知識完成小作文完成片段作文詞匯句式升級　　Nowanincreasingnumberofpeoplecareabouttheenvironmentalprotection.Theyhaverealizedthatatmospherepollutionhasabadeffectonpeople'shealth(大氣污染對人們的健康有壞影響).①Insomeplaces，thepollutionisveryserious，andmakesithardforthemtobreathefreshair(使得他們很難呼吸到新鮮空氣).Inmyopinion，inordertoprotecttheenvironment(為了保護環(huán)境)，weshouldstartamasscampaignratherthancomplain(發(fā)起一場群眾運動，而不是抱怨).Foronething，thegovernmentshouldberequiredtoshutfactorieswhichgiveout(放出)poisonouswaste.②Foranother，ifitispossible，weshouldplantmoretreestotakein(吸收)CO2andgiveoutoxygen.1.用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑單詞或短語(1)careabout→areconcernedabout(2)Inmyopinion→AsfarasI'mconcerned(3)required→urged2．按要求改寫句式(1)用分詞作結(jié)果狀語升級句①Insomeplaces，thepollutionisveryserious，makingithardforthemtobreathefreshair.(2)用省略句升級句②Foranother，ifpossible，weshouldplantmoretreestotakeinCO2andgiveoutoxygen.B卷　高考題型組合卷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?、?閱讀理解A語篇類型記敘文　主題語境人與自我——個人經(jīng)歷——作者在沙塵暴中勇敢地救出了父親 (2020·沈陽市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mamasaysallthedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtcoverseverything.Itcoversourclothes.Wehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeal.WerarelydrivethetruckbecausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.Whenmysister，F(xiàn)aye，andIwalktoschoolwewearkerchiefsoverourmouthssowedon'tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosetheschool，westayathomeandhelpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirtalwaysfindsawayin.LastSunday，therewasnodirtintheair，onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterlunch，PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayedwithFayeintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsawahugeblackcloudofdust.Allthebirdsflewaway.“ImustwarnPapa，”Ithoughttomyself.Toavoidherpanicking，IgentlytoldFayetogobackinsidewhereshewouldbesafe，andthenheadedofftothefield.Thestormhitsofast，andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeIenteredthecowfieldthefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.IscreamedforPapa，hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified，Irefusedtoturnback.Mydadwasstrandedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewithonehand，Igropedmywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.FirstItriedturningthetruck'slightsonandoff，hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing，butthesandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain，soPapawouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.Suddenly，Papa'sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseandrelief.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeintohisarmsandsaid，“Oh，Iris，yousavedme！”Finally，thewindsubsidedandthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothewindowononesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedthedoor，openingitfarenoughtoletusout.Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere，butweweresafe.文章大意：該文講述了在一個風沙蔽日的周日午后，作者勇敢地闖入沙塵暴通過閃車燈和按喇叭的方式提醒父親到車里躲避并最終救出了父親。1．Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs? A．Itdescribesaproblemthecharactersmustsolve.B．Itestablishesthesettingwherethestorytakesplace.C．Itintroducesthecharactersthatarerelatedtothestory.D．Itexplainsthemotivationsforthecharacters'lateractions.解析：B　考查寫作意圖。下文講述了作者的英勇事跡，而第一、二段講述的是該故事發(fā)生之前的天氣狀況，旨在給故事提供背景，故選B。2．WhydidPapagotothefieldthatSunday?A．Hewastryingtogettohistruck.B．Heneededtopreparethefieldforharvest.C．Hewantedtomakesurethecattlewerefine.D．Heplannedtobringthecattleinbeforethestorm.解析：C　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Afterlunch，Papaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattle”可知，父親那個周日去牧場是為了核實牛的情況是否正常，故C項正確。3．HowdidIrissaveherfather?A．Bywarninghimtorunaway.B．Byturningonthetruck'slights.C．Byguidinghimtowardstheshelter.D．Byscreaminghisnameatthetopofhervoice.解析：C　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“FirstItriedturningthetruck'slightsonandoff，hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing，butthesandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain，soPapawouldhearit.”可知，作者通過不斷地閃車燈和按喇叭的方式引導(dǎo)父親來卡車這個臨時庇護處躲避沙塵暴，故選C。4．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeIris?A．Braveandcalm.B．Experiencedandconfident.C．Adventurousandcareful.D．Fearlessandsympathetic.解析：A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段尾句以及第五段描述的作者嘗試各種方式將父親引到車里躲避可知，作者是冷靜的；根據(jù)第五段第二、三句可知，盡管作者很害怕，但她還是沖進沙塵暴去幫助父親，由此可知作者是勇敢的，故A項正確。 【詞匯積累】　blowintosth.突然進入　panic(panicking，panicked)v．驚慌　fineadj.顆粒細微的　whipv．猛烈移動　strandv．使滯留　gropev．摸索著往前走　subsidev．平息；減弱B語篇類型說明文　主題語境人與自然——宇宙奧秘——宇宙中的星系GALAXIESOFTHEUNIVERSE　　Galaxiesarehugegroupingsofstars，planets，gas，anddust.OursunisintheMilkyWay，whichmeasuresabout100，000lightyearsacross.Thatlongthinmilkybrightshapeacrossthemiddleofthenightskyismadeupofabouthundredsofbillionsofstarsinourgalaxy.Ourgalaxyisaspiral(螺旋式的)galaxy，butthereareothertypes.TheMilkyWayisonlyonegalaxyamongafewhundredmilliongalaxiesinouruniverse(eachwithhundredsofbillionsofstars).SPIRALGALAXIES：Therearegalaxiesthathavespiralarmsthatemergefromthecenter.OursolarsystemislocatedononeofthearmsoftheMilkyWay.Ourgalaxyhasahugeblackholeatitscenterthatbillionsofstarsrevolvearound.ELLIPTICALGALAXIES：Therearegalaxiesshapedlikeahugeegg.Thestarsinthesegalaxiestendtobeveryold.Furthermore，theoldstarsinellipticalgalaxiestendtobeyellowandreddish，whichaccordingtoourunderstandingofstellarevolution，meanstheyaresmaller，dimmerstars.IRREGULARGALAXIES：Therearemanyothershapesofgalaxiesthataren'tspiralorelliptical.Theyallfitintotheirregularcategory.Theyaresmallerthanspiralgalaxies.LiketheLargeandSmallMagellanicClouds，theyhaveratherunusuallookingshapes.文章大意：本文主要介紹了銀河系以及宇宙中的星系類別——旋渦星系、橢圓星系和不規(guī)則星系。 5．WhichisTRUEabouttheMilkyWay?A.Thereareonlystarsinsideit.B.Thereisablackholeatitscenter.C.It'sthebiggestspiralgalaxyintheuniverse.D.Ittakes100，000yearstogettherefromEarth.解析：B　考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SPIRALGALAXIES中的“Ourgalaxyhasahugeblackholeatitscenter”可知，B選項正確。6．Whichofthefollowingisthemainfactorincategorizinggalaxies?A.Shape.B.Size.C.Thenumberofstars.D.Distancefromthesun.解析：A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文中的SPIRALGALAXIES，ELLIPTICALGALAXIES和IRREGULARGALAXIES可推知，區(qū)分星系類別的主要因素是形狀，故選A。7．Whichofthefollowinggalaxiescanbeclassifiedasanirregulargalaxy?A.TheWhaleGalaxy—shapedlikeawhaleandsimilartotheMilkyWayinsize.B.CygnusA(3C405)—thebrightesteggshapewecanobserve.C.TheCigarGalaxy—alongandnarrowgalaxythatlookslikeanashycloud.D.TheSunflowerGalaxy—agalaxywithmultiplearmsradiatingfromitsbrightcore.解析：C　考查推理判斷。本題問的是以下哪個星系可以歸為不規(guī)則星系類別，根據(jù)IRREGULARGALAXIES中不規(guī)則星系的定義，并根據(jù)選項中的“alongandnarrowgalaxythatlookslikeanashycloud”可知，雪茄星系不是橢圓形的，也不是螺旋形的，所以雪茄星系是一個不規(guī)則星系，故選C。【詞匯積累】　measurev．量度為　lightyearn．光年　emergev．出現(xiàn)　revolvearound/roundsth.繞……旋轉(zhuǎn)fitv．與……一致，和……相稱，符合Ⅱ.七選五語篇類型說明文　主題語境人與社會——科學與藝術(shù)——達·芬奇與自然科學 　　(2020·北京市高考適應(yīng)性測試)LeonardodaVinciandNatureInthemodernworld，artandsciencearetwoveryseparateactivities，butinLeonardo'stimetheywerecloselyconnected.Sciencemeantmathematicsandmedicalstudies.1.Mathematicsincludedpracticalworklikesurveyinglandformakingmapsaswellasmeasuringthemovementsofthestarsinthesky.Anartistmightneedtomeasurethedifferentpartsofthebody.Hecouldalsousemathematicstoplacethingsproperlyinadrawingorpaintingsothescenelookedcorrect.2.Mathematicswasalsoconnectedtomusicbecausemusicalsoundshaveafixedrelationshipwitheachotherthatcanbedescribedinnumbers.3.Morethanthis，though，Leonardobelievedthatnumberswereapartofallthingsintheworld，includingmusic，andhesaidthatwithoutthemnothingcanbedone.“Naturehaskindlygivenusthingseverywheretocopy，”wroteLeonardo.Inallhisactivities，Leonardowastryingtodiscovertherulesthatcontrolnature.Inhissearchforthoserules，helookedverycarefullyatalotofexamplesanddetails.Anactualexperiencewasmoreimportanttohimthanopinion，andheworkedfromfactstoideas.4.Hispurposewastoexaminetheworldsohecouldcopyitinbeautifulpaintingsandsculptures.Healsowantedtolearnfromthecleversolutionsofnature.5．Hisquicklittlesketches，oftendonewhilewanderingoutside，helpedhimtocatchamovementorashape.Morecarefuldrawingswouldbedoneatadeskwithapenandruler.InJuly2001，asmalldrawingbyLeonardowassoldfor$12million.Itwaspossiblythemostexpensivedrawingintheworldthen.A．Leonardowasalwaysdrawing.B．Howcouldthesebeconnectedwithart?C．Leonardo'sideaswerevastlyaheadofhistime.D．Mathematiciansanddoctorsworkedtodiscovertheunknown.E．Aboveall，Leonardowantedtounderstandhowandwhythingsworked.F．YouwillseeagoodexampleofsuchpositioninginthepaintingofTheLastSupper.G．Leonardohimselfwasaverygoodmusicianandlikedtoplayaninstrumentandsing.文章大意：本文主要通過分析科學與藝術(shù)之間的關(guān)系，介紹了達·芬奇是如何將有關(guān)科學 與自然的知識應(yīng)用到繪畫等藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作中的。1．解析：B　根據(jù)該空前的“Sciencemeantmathematicsandmedicalstudies”及該空后面所講的藝術(shù)家將數(shù)學知識的運用到繪畫中，并結(jié)合第二段首句中的“Mathematicswasalsoconnectedtomusic”可知，B項與此處匹配。2．解析：F　根據(jù)上文中的“usemathematicstoplacethingsproperlyinadrawingorpainting”可知，這里講的是在繪畫中，藝術(shù)家用數(shù)學知識來恰當?shù)卦O(shè)置畫中事物的位置，這與F項中的“suchpositioninginthepainting”相呼應(yīng)，故選F。3．解析：G　根據(jù)上文中的“musicalsoundshave...describedinnumbers”以及下文中的“Leonardobelievedthat...includingmusic”可知，此處講的是達·芬奇與音樂之間的關(guān)系，故選G。4．解析：E　根據(jù)上文中的“Leonardowastryingto...heworkedfromfactstoideas”以及下文中的“Hispurposewastoexaminetheworld...tolearnfromthecleversolutionsofnature.”可知，此處講的是達·芬奇想要搞清楚自然界的運作原理，并且他的目的在于把從自然界觀察到的東西應(yīng)用到繪畫等藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作中去，故E項符合語境。5．解析：A　根據(jù)下文中的“Hisquicklittlesketches”以及“Morecarefuldrawings”可知，本段主要講的是達·芬奇無論是在戶外還是在室內(nèi)總是在畫畫，故選A。Ⅲ.語法填空語篇類型說明文　主題語境人與社會——社會熱點問題——新型冠狀病毒的傳播途徑及預(yù)防方法　　(2020·成都市高中第一次診斷)Thenovelcoronaviruspneumonia，nowofficiallycalledCOVID19，isanew1.(ill)causedbythevirus2019nCoVandscientistsarestillstudyingthebestwaystocontrolit.DefeatingCOVID19，2.，isnotonlythejobofscientistsanddoctors.Peoplehaveanimportantroletoplayinthebattle.Thebestwaytohelppreventthevirusfrom3.(spread)isbyprotectingyourselfandstayinghealthy.Scientistsarenowsurethatthevirusispassedbetweenpeoplethroughcoughingandsneezing.Thevirustravelsthroughtheairandcanbebreathedinbypeoplenearby.Itmayalsoland4.surfacessuchastablesandchairs.Ifthesesurfaces5.(touch)，thevirusmaybeonyourhands.Touchingyoureyesormouthwith6.(wash)handscanletthevirusenteryourbody. 7．(protect)yourselfandothers，wearamaskatalltimeswhenyouareout.Thisstopshealthypeoplefrombreathinginthevirusand8.(reduce)theamountofthevirusthatsickpeoplesendintotheair.Mostimportantly，washyourhandscarefullyandfrequently，especially9.youareoutside.COVID19isundoubtedlyaserioussocialchallenge，butifweallbehave10.(responsible)，itisonethatwecanovercome.文章大意：新型冠狀病毒肺炎是由新型冠狀病毒引起的一種新型疾病，科學家們?nèi)栽谘芯靠刂七@種疾病的方法。該病毒在人與人之間傳播并可能附著在物體表面；為了保護自己和他人，我們應(yīng)該勤洗手、戴口罩，人人參與，共戰(zhàn)疫情。1．解析：illness　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的冠詞“a”以及形容詞“new”可知，此處要用名詞形式，故填illness。2．解析：however　考查副詞。根據(jù)下文中的“Peoplehaveanimportantroletoplayinthebattle”可知，戰(zhàn)勝COVID19不僅僅是科學家與醫(yī)生的工作，人們也要在這場戰(zhàn)疫中發(fā)揮重要作用，故此處要填表示轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞，故填however。3．解析：spreading　考查非謂語動詞。preventsth.fromdoingsth.意為“阻止某物做某事”，為固定用法，故填spreading。4．解析：on　考查介詞。根據(jù)空后的“surfaces”和語境可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞on，表示病毒也可能會落在諸如桌子和椅子之類的表面上。5．解析：aretouched　考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。此處的“surfaces”與動詞touch之間為被動關(guān)系，故要用被動語態(tài)，且這里講的是客觀存在的情況，且主語為復(fù)數(shù)，故要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，故填aretouched。6．解析：unwashed　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。只有接觸過病毒的手未被清洗的時候，上面的病毒才有可能被傳播到其他地方，故填unwashed“未洗滌的”。7．解析：Toprotect　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式短語“Toprotectyourselfandothers”作目的狀語。8．解析：reduces　考查動詞的時態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處與本句前半部分中的“stops”為并列關(guān)系，都作句子的謂語，故填reduces。9．解析：when/while/if　考查狀語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句，表示當你在外面的時候或如果你在外面，故填when/while/if。10．解析：responsibly　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞“behave”要用副詞，故填responsibly。