考點分類練(五)　推理判斷題——隱含信息類A(2021·山東濰坊一模)Toimproveahighschooler’schanceofgettingintoatopuniversity,thesummerprogrammesallowyoungstudentstoexplorefieldsofinterestandgetatasteofcollegelife.TellurideAssociationSummerProgramme(TASP)TASPisasix-weekprogrammeallowinghighschoolfreshmenfromaroundtheworldtogrowtheirsenseofinterpersonalawarenessandcommunityresponsibility.It’scompletelyfree,includingthecostoftuition,booksandeventravel.MinorityIntroductiontoEngineeringandScience(MITES)Thisweek-longprogrammeaimedatallUShighschoolstudentscanhelpthemdeveloptheskillsnecessaryforfuturejobinengineeringwhiletheyarelearningaboutthevalueandrewardofacquiringadvancedtechnicaldegrees.MITESisfreeexceptforthetransportation.ClarkScholarProgramme(CSP)Highschoolstudentscomingfromacrosstheglobeareofferedtheuniqueopportunitytogainhands-onresearchexperienceinmathematicsfieldwhileworkingwithteachingstaffoverfourintenseweeks.Everythingisfreeforchosenapplicantsexcepttheirmeals.JCampTheseven-weekonebringshighschoolfreshmenandsophomoresfromvariousbackgroundstogetherforparticipatinginsessionsandworkshopsledbynotablejournalistswherestudentscangethands-ontraininginjournalism.JCampisfreeifselected—participantsonlyneedtopayfortheboard.1.WhatcanbeexpectedofMITES?A.Itisaccessibletoworldwidestudents.B.Itlaysafoundationforcareerprospects.C.Itmakesnoextrachargefortransportation.D.Itawardsstudentsadvancedtechnicaldegrees.2.WhichprogrammeissuitableforaUKhighschoolerwithupto5spareweeks?A.TASP.　　　　　　　　B.MITES.C.CSP.D.JCamp.3.Whatisthesharedgoaloftheprogrammes?A.Toseekforone-on-oneinstruction.B.Todevelopasenseofsocialduty.C.Togetparticipantsbetterpreparedforcollege.D.Toadvertisesomemajorsofthetopuniversities.B(2021·山東濟南高考診斷性測試)Mostteenagersarestilltryingtofindtheirpassionandpurposesinlife.However,notGitanjaliRao.Thegirlhasbeencomingupwithinnovativesolutionstoworldwideproblemssinceshewasten.Itis,therefore,notsurprisingthattheteenagerhaswonthehonourof“America’sTopYoungScientist”.Inthethirdgrade,Raowasinspiredtobuildadeviceafterwitnessingtheshockingstoryunfold inFlint,Michigan,wherecost-cuttingmeasuresledtotheuseofapollutedriverasthecity’sprimarywatersupplyandincrediblyhighlevelsofleadmadeitswayintopeople’sdrinkingwater.Aftertwomonths’research,Raodesignedasmallandportabledevicethatusedsensorstoinstantlydetectleadinwater.CalledTethys,itattachestoacellphoneandinformstheresidentsviaanappiftheirdrinkingwatercontainslead.Thedesignearnedherthe3MYoungScientistChallengein2017.SheiscurrentlyworkingwithscientistsandmedicalprofessionalstotestTethys’potentialandhopesthedevicewillbereadyforcommercialuseinthenearfuture.Later,Raotookonanothersocialissue—drugaddiction.Herapp,calledEpione,whichwonaprizeinMay2019,isdesignedtocatchdrugaddictioninyoungadultsbeforeit’stoolate.Morerecently,theteenagerhasdevelopedanappnamedKindly,whichusesartificialintelligencetechnologytodetectpossiblesignsofcyberbullying(網(wǎng)絡欺凌).Whenuserstypeinawordorphrase,Kindlyisabletopickitupifit’sbullying,andthenitgivestwooptions.Itgivesthemthechancetorethinkwhattheyaresayingsothattheyknowwhattodonexttime.4.WhatgaveRaotheideaofinventingthedeviceTethys?A.Theincidentofleadpollution.B.Theissuewithdrugaddiction.C.Theshortageofwatersupplies.D.Thehighcostofpurifyingwater.5.WhatwillKindlyallowuserstodo?A.Receivepre-warningsignalsofthreat.B.Inputwordsintoacomputerautomatically.C.Choosefromsecuresocialnetworkingsites.D.Weightheirwordsbeforepostingthemonline.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGitanjaliRaoasayoungscientist?A.Ambitiousandhumble.B.Optimisticandadventurous.C.Talkativeandoutstanding.D.Creativeandproductive.C(2021·山西太原高三二模)Sometimeago,inmyclassIwasabouttofailastudentforhisanswertoaphysicsquestionwhenthestudentclaimedhedeservedabetterscore.“Showhowitispossibletodeterminetheheightofatallbuildingwiththeaidofabarometer(氣壓計).”Thestudenthadanswered,“Takethebarometertothetopofthebuilding,attachalongropetoit,lowerthebarometertothestreet,andthenbringitup,measuringthelengthoftherope.Thelengthoftheropeistheheightofthebuilding.”Iarguedthatahighgradeshouldprovehiscompetenceinphysics,buttheanswerdidnotconfirmthis.Isuggestedthatthestudenthaveanothertry.Immediately,heworkedouthisanswer:Asecondbestwayistotakethebarometertothetopofthebuilding.Dropthebarometer,timingitsfallwithastopwatch.Then,usingtheformulatocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.Iwasshockedbyhisanswer.HismethodgavemenotonlyabrokenbarometerbutaU-turninmyteachingphilosophy.Igavehimfullmarks. Onhisleavingmyoffice,Irecalledthathesuggestedtherecouldbeabetteranswer.SoIaskedhimwhatitwas.“Oh,yes,”saidthestudent,“Therearemanyways.Probablythebest,”hesaid,“istotakethebarometertothebasementandaskthesuperintendent(管理人).Youspeaktohimasfollows:MrSuperintendent,hereIhaveafinebarometer.Ifyoutellmetheheightofthisbuilding,Iwillgiveittoyou.”Atthispoint,Iaskedthestudentifhereallydidnotknowtheconventionalanswertothisquestion.Headmittedthathedid,butsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolinstructors’tryingtoteachhimhowtothink,andtousetheso-called“scientificmethod”.Hejustwantedtosolvetheprobleminapracticalmanner,notjustanswerthequestioninanexpectedway.Hearingthis,Ireallyhadnothingtodobutgivetheboyafirmhandshake,feelingthankfulthatIhadn’tfailedhiminthefirstplace.7.Whydidtheauthorwanttofailthestudentinthefirstplace?A.Thestudentchallengedhisauthority.B.Thestudent’sanswerwasnotpractical.C.Thestudentdidn’tshowhisacademicability.D.Thestudenthadapoorperformanceinphysicsclass.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’snewteachingphilosophy?A.Withoutlove,thereisnoeducation.B.Amanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.C.Teachingistomaketwoideasgrowwhereonlyonegrewbefore.D.Youcanleadyourhorsetotheriver,butyoucan’tmakeitdrink.9.Whatmadethestudentabandontheconventionalanswer?A.Lackofphysics-relatedknowledge.B.Ignoranceoftheteacher’sexpectation.C.Intentiontodeeplyimpresshisteacher.D.Disapprovalofexistingteachingconcepts.10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thesuperintendentwasagreedyperson.B.Schooleducationrestrictedthisstudent’sthinking.C.Theteacherappreciatedthestudent’sanswersfinally.D.Theexaminationquestionisatoughphysicsproblem.考點分類練(五)　推理判斷題——隱含信息類【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個幫助學生做好上大學準備的暑期項目。1.B　解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thisweek-longprogrammeaimedatallUShighschoolstudentscanhelpthemdeveloptheskillsnecessaryforfuturejobinengineeringwhiletheyarelearningaboutthevalueandrewardofacquiringadvancedtechnicaldegrees.”可知,MITES有望為職業(yè)前景打下基礎。故選B項。2.C　解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Highschoolstudentscomingfromacrosstheglobeareofferedtheuniqueopportunitytogainhands-onresearchexperience...overfourintenseweeks.”可知,CSP課程適合最多有5周課余時間的英 國高中生。故選C項。3.C　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Toimproveahighschooler’schanceofgettingintoatopuniversity,thesummerprogrammesallowyoungstudentstoexplorefieldsofinterestandgetatasteofcollegelife.”并結(jié)合文章主要介紹的四個暑期項目可知,這些項目的共同目標是讓參與者為上大學做好準備。故選C項?！編湍阃刂R】必背單詞①tasten.體驗;嘗試②freshmann.(大學一年級)新生③interpersonaladj.人際的④engineeringn.工程;工程學重點語塊⑤communityresponsibility社會責任⑥gainhands-onresearchexperience獲得實際研究經(jīng)驗⑦participatein參加精彩句式⑧It’scompletelyfree,includingthecostoftuition,booksandeventravel.它是完全免費的,包括學費、書費甚至旅行費。【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。青少年發(fā)明家GitanjaliRao從10歲開始就一直在為解決世界問題而想出各種創(chuàng)新的方案,文章主要介紹了她的三個發(fā)明及她所獲得的榮譽。4.A　解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,鉛污染事件使得Rao萌生了發(fā)明Tethys裝置的想法。故選A項。5.D　解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Whenuserstypeinawordorphrase,Kindlyisabletopickitupifit’sbullying,andthenitgivestwooptions.Itgivesthemthechancetorethinkwhattheyaresayingsothattheyknowwhattodonexttime.”可知,Kindly能夠讓用戶在發(fā)表自己的話語之前,先衡量下他們的話語是否合適。故選D項。6.D　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inthethirdgrade,RaowasinspiredtobuildadeviceafterwitnessingtheshockingstoryunfoldinFlint,Michigan...”可知,Rao是富有創(chuàng)造力的;再根據(jù)她發(fā)明的Tethys,Epione,Kindly并結(jié)合第一段的“Thegirlhasbeencomingupwithinnovativesolutionstoworldwideproblemssinceshewasten.”可知,她是一位多產(chǎn)的發(fā)明家。故選D項?！編湍阃刂R】必背單詞①incrediblyadv.令人難以置信;極其②(熟詞生義)leadn.鉛③instantlyadv.立刻;馬上④professionaln.專業(yè)人士;專家精彩句式⑤Itis,therefore,notsurprisingthattheteenagerhaswonthehonour.因此,這位少年獲得這個榮譽并不令人驚訝。 【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一名老師,前段時間因為一個學生的物理題的答案不正確而打算給他不及格,但這個學生給出了不同的答案,這讓作者的教學哲學發(fā)生了很大的轉(zhuǎn)變。7.C　解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometimeago,inmyclassIwasabouttofailastudentforhisanswertoaphysicsquestionwhenthestudentclaimedhedeservedabetterscore.”和第三段的第一句可知,作者一開始想讓這個學生不及格是因為這個學生沒有表現(xiàn)出他的學術(shù)能力。故選C項。8.C　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Isuggestedthatthestudenthaveanothertry.Immediately,heworkedouthisanswer...Then,usingtheformulatocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.”和第四段的“Iwasshockedbyhisanswer.HismethodgavemenotonlyabrokenbarometerbutaU-turninmyteachingphilosophy.”以及最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,這名學生的不同答案啟發(fā)作者可以有更好的解答方式,所以作者新的教學哲學應是“教學就是在以前只有一個思想的地方,讓兩個思想生長”。故選C項。9.D　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Headmittedthathedid,butsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolinstructors’tryingtoteachhimhowtothink...Hejustwantedtosolvetheprobleminapracticalmanner,notjustanswerthequestioninanexpectedway.”可知,因為不贊成現(xiàn)有的教學觀念,這個學生放棄了傳統(tǒng)的答案。故選D項。10.C　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Hearingthis,Ireallyhadnothingtodobutgivetheboyafirmhandshake,feelingthankfulthatIhadn’tfailedhiminthefirstplace.”可推知,老師最終對這個學生的回答表示贊賞。故選C項。【幫你拓知識】必背單詞①timev.計時②stopwatchn.秒表重點語塊③befedupwith...厭煩……④inthefirstplace當初