題型針對(duì)練(四)——段尾句類Test1Agoodbookcanbesatisfying.Ifreadingisahabityou’dliketogetinto,therearesomewaystodevelopit.Realisethatreadingisenjoyableifyouhaveagoodbook.Ifyouhaveadifficultbookandyouareforcingyourselfthroughit,itwillseemlikeatask.　1　?Settime.Youshouldhavesometimeduringeverydaywhenyou’llreadforatleast5to10minutes.　2　Forexample,makeitahabittoreadduringbreakfastandlunchandevendinnerifyoueatalone.?Alwayscarryabook.　3　WhenIleavethehouse,Ialwaysmakesuretohavemycarkeysandonebookathand.Thebookstayswithmeinthecar,andItakeitintotheofficeandprettymucheverywhereIgo.?　4　Findaplaceinyourhomewhereyoucansitinacomfortablechair.Donotliedownunlessyou’regoingtosleep.Thereshouldbenotelevisionorcomputernearthechair,andnomusicornoisyfamilymembersorroommates.Ifyoudon’thaveaplacelikethis,createone.?ReducethetimeontelevisionortheInternet.Ifyoureallywanttoreadmore,trytoreducethetimeontelevisionortheInternet.Thismaybedifficultforsomepeople.Still,youcoulduseeveryminuteyousavefromtheInternetortelevisionforreading.　5　?A.Ifthishappens,giveupthebookandfindanotheronethatyou’llreallylove.B.Itmeansyouwillreadnomatterhowbusyyouare.C.Findaquietplace.D.Gotobookstores.E.Whereveryougo,takeabookwithyou.F.Thiscouldcreatehoursofbookreadingtime.G.Havesomegoodteaorcoffeewhileyouread.Test2(2021·安徽淮南高三第一次模擬)DoYouWasteFood?Howmuchfooddoyoubuyeachweek?Areyousomeonewhofillsyourfridgeandcupboardswithfoodsothatyou’llalwayshavesomethingtoeatandsothatyou’llnevergohungry?　1　?Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbecomeabigissueinthedevelopedcountries.Whilesomeofusthrowawayunwanteditems,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.　2　Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.?Youmaythinksupermarketsaremainlytoblameforthismountainoffood.Afterall,theydocaststuffthat’spastitssell-by-date.They’vealsobeencriticisedforencouragingcustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.　3　InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwastecomesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.Soinsteadoffillingourbellies,ourfoodisfillinguplandfillsites.Unfortunately,thiscausesgreenhousegaseswhicheventuallyleadstoglobalwarmingandclimatechange.?InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtotacklethisproblem.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinquantitysothatpeopleboughtonlywhat theyneeded.She’ssetupaneducationprogrammeinschools.　4　?　5　Andwhenwe’reathomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftoversorevensharingourextrafoodwithourfriendsandneighbours.?A.Peoplebuymorethantheyneedandthrowtoomuchaway.B.Ormaybe,you’reefficientwithyourshopping,onlybuyingwhatyouneed.C.Butthebiggestcontributortofoodwasteisus.D.Clearly,weneedtothinktwicewhenshopping.E.Wesimplyneedtostopthrowingawayfoodandenjoyitinstead.F.Thishashelpedcreatea25%reductioninfoodwaste.G.It’sshockingthatathirdoftheworld’sfoodiswastedeachyear.Test3LearningThroughPlayEarlychildhoodeducationoftenfocusesonlearningthroughplay.Itmeetsthephysical,intellectual,languageandemotionalneedsofchildren.　1　Thus,childrenlearnmoreefficientlyandgainmoreknowledgethroughactivitiessuchasdramaticplays,artandsocialgames.?Learningthroughplayhasbeenseenregularlyinpracticeasthemostusefulwayachildcanlearn.Researcherssuggestchildrenshouldbegivenplentyofoutdoorexerciseorplaytokeepthemphysicallyandemotionallyhealthy.　2　?However,duetotheadvancementoftechnology,theartofplayhasstartedtodisappearandhasbeentransformedintoplayingthroughtechnology.　3　Ifwewanttodevelopavarietyofskills,weneedabalancedmediadiet.Eachmediumhascostsandbenefitsintermsofwhatskillseachdevelops.Technologyisbeginningtoinvadetheartofplayandabalanceneedstobefound.?Manyopposethetheoryoflearningthroughplaybecausetheythinkchildrenarenotgainingnewknowledge.　4　Theyareexploringdifferentroles,learninghowthingsworkandlearningtocommunicateandworkwithothers.Thesethingscannotbetaughtbyastandardcurriculum(課程),buthavetobedevelopedthroughthemethodofplay.　5　Theyhavedesignedtheircurriculumaroundthattoallowchildrentohavemorefreedom.Oncethesebasicsarelearnedatayoungage,itsetschildrenupforsuccessthroughouttheirschoolingandtheirlife.?A.Nomediaisgoodforeverything.B.Theybelievechildrenlearnthroughmovement.C.Manyschoolsunderstandtheimportanceofplay.D.Someplayopportunitieswilldevelopspecificareasofchildren’sbrain.E.Theybelieveplayallowschildrentotalkandusetheirimaginationskills.F.Inreality,playisthefirstwaychildrenlearntomakesenseoftheworldatayoungage.G.Children’snaturalcuriosityandimaginationnaturallyproducelearningwhenuncontrolled.Test4(2021·安徽黃山二模)TheSecretsofSuccessfulListening“Whenpeopletalk,listencompletely.”ThosewordsofErnestHemingwaymightbeaprettygoodguidingprincipleformanymanagers,asmightthesayingbyZenoofCitium,aGreekphilosopher,“Wehavetwoearsandonemouth,soweshouldlistenmorethanwesay.”　1　?Somefirmsuseatechniqueknownasa“l(fā)isteningcircle”.　2　Insuchacircle,onlyone personcantalkabouttheissuestheyfaceatatimeandthereisnointerruption.AstudycitedintheHarvardBusinessReviewfoundthatemployeeswhohadtakenpartinalisteningcirclethensufferedlesssocialanxietyandhadfewerworriesaboutwork-relatedmattersthanthosewhodidnot.?ListeninghasbeencriticaltothecareerofRichardMullender,whowasanegotiator,dealingwitheverything.Hedefineslisteningas“theidentification,selectionandcomprehensionofthekeywords”.　3　Plentyofpeoplethinkthatgoodlisteningisaboutnoddingyourheadorkeepingeyecontact.Butthatisnotreallylistening,MrMullenderargues.?Agoodlistenerisalwayslookingforfacts,emotionsandindicationsofthespeaker’svalues.Anotherimportantpointtobearinmindisthat,whenyoutalk,youarenotlistening.Thelistener’sfocusshouldbeonanalysis.　4　Oneapproachistomakeanassessmentofwhattheotherpersonistellingyouandthencheckitwiththem.　5　Thefundamentalaimistobuilduparelationshipsotheotherpersonlikesyouandtrustsyou,MrMullendersays.?A.Itisvitaltoalleffectivecommunication.B.However,alistenerneedstospeakoccasionally.C.Forpeoplelikelisteningtoothers.D.Thatgivestheotherpartyasensethattheyarebeingunderstood.E.Therefore,alistenershouldn’tjustlisten.F.Initparticipantsareencouragedtotalkopenlyandhonestly.G.Forpeoplelikebeinglistenedto.題型針對(duì)練(四)——段尾句類Test1【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。閱讀是很好的習(xí)慣,文章對(duì)于怎么養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣給出了一些建議。1.A　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Ifyouhaveadifficultbookandyouareforcingyourselfthroughit,itwillseemlikeatask.”可知,如果你有一本難懂的書,而且你正強(qiáng)迫自己看完它,那看起來就像是一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。因此A項(xiàng)“如果這樣的話,不如放棄這本書,找另外一本你真正喜歡的。”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。2.B　解析:根據(jù)下文的“Forexample,makeitahabittoreadduringbreakfastandlunchandevendinnerifyoueatalone.”可知,如果你獨(dú)自一人吃飯,在早餐、午餐甚至晚餐時(shí)都要養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣。因此B項(xiàng)“不管你多么忙,你都要閱讀?！狈险Z境。故選B項(xiàng)。3.E　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Alwayscarryabook.”可知,要總是帶著一本書,E項(xiàng)“無論你去哪,隨身帶本書?！笔菍?duì)上文進(jìn)一步的解釋說明。故選E項(xiàng)。4.C　解析:根據(jù)下文的“Findaplaceinyourhomewhereyoucansitinacomfortablechair.”以及“Thereshouldbenotelevisionorcomputer...andnomusicornoisyfamilymembersorroommates.”可知,要找一個(gè)安靜的地方,C項(xiàng)“找一個(gè)安靜的地方?！备爬ū径蝺?nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。5.F　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Still,youcoulduseeveryminuteyousavefromtheInternetortelevisionforreading.”可知,你可以利用在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或電視上節(jié)省的時(shí)間閱讀,因此 F項(xiàng)“這可以創(chuàng)造數(shù)小時(shí)的讀書時(shí)間?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。【幫你拓知識(shí)】必背單詞①satisfyingadj.令人滿意的②forcev.強(qiáng)迫;迫使重點(diǎn)語塊③makesure確保④giveup放棄Test2【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。近幾年來,發(fā)達(dá)國家正面臨愈演愈烈的食品浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象,生活在這些國家的人們?nèi)拥舸罅康氖澄铩Ｅc其相反,還有一些國家的人們面臨食物緊缺問題。本文主要介紹了導(dǎo)致食物浪費(fèi)的原因和減少浪費(fèi)的辦法。1.B　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Howmuchfooddoyoubuyeachweek?Areyousomeonewhofillsyourfridgeandcupboardswithfoodsothatyou’llalwayshavesomethingtoeatandsothatyou’llnevergohungry?”可知,此處問讀者每周買多少食物,列舉了一種買很多食物填滿冰箱和碗櫥的人,由此可知設(shè)空處可能會(huì)講每周買多少食物的另一種情況(或人),承接上文,而B項(xiàng)“或者,你購物效率很高,只買你需要的東西?！狈险Z境。故選B項(xiàng)。2.G　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbecomeabigissueinthedevelopedcountries.Whilesomeofusthrowawayunwanteditems,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.”和下文的“Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.”可知,前一句講到發(fā)達(dá)國家食物浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象,后一句講“十三億噸糧食足夠養(yǎng)活十億饑餓人口。”由此可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該講“食物浪費(fèi)的多少”,因而G項(xiàng)“令人震驚的是,世界上每年有三分之一的食物被浪費(fèi)了?！狈险Z境。故選G項(xiàng)。3.C　解析:根據(jù)下文的“InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwastecomesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.”可知,53%的食物浪費(fèi)來自家庭,說明是消費(fèi)者自己造成了食物浪費(fèi),因此C項(xiàng)“但造成食物浪費(fèi)的最大因素是我們?！狈险Z境。故選C項(xiàng)。4.F　解析:根據(jù)上文的“InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtotacklethisproblem.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinquantitysothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.She’ssetupaneducationprogrammeinschools.”可知,這位女士采取措施解決食物浪費(fèi)問題,由此可知她設(shè)立教育計(jì)劃也是為了減少食物浪費(fèi)問題,因而F項(xiàng)“這有助于減少25%的食物浪費(fèi)?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。5.D　解析:根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容及下文的“Andwhenwe’reathomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftoversorevensharingourextrafoodwithourfriendsandneighbours.”可知,在家時(shí)應(yīng)充分利用已有食物,用可以把剩余食物用光的食譜,或者與朋友和鄰居分享多余的食物,由此可知D項(xiàng)“顯然,我們?cè)谫徫飼r(shí)要三思而后行?！狈险Z境。故選D項(xiàng)。【幫你拓知識(shí)】必背單詞 ①figuren.數(shù)字②tacklev.解決;處理重點(diǎn)語塊③foodshortages食品短缺④tonsoffood大量食物⑤inquantity大量地Test3【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。兒童早期教育側(cè)重于寓學(xué)于樂,這種教育方式可以適應(yīng)孩子身心健康發(fā)展的需求。1.G　解析:根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后的內(nèi)容可知,寓學(xué)習(xí)于玩樂的教育方式適應(yīng)孩子身體、智力、語言和情感等方面的需要,他們通過游戲?qū)W到了很多東西。故選G項(xiàng)。2.E　解析:根據(jù)設(shè)空處前面一句可知,研究人員認(rèn)為孩子們應(yīng)該多鍛煉或玩游戲以保持身心健康。E項(xiàng)內(nèi)容用在此處承接上文。3.A　解析:根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的一句和設(shè)空處后的三句可推知,作者認(rèn)為隨著科技的發(fā)展孩子們接觸各種媒體時(shí)應(yīng)該找到一種平衡,故可推知,任何一種媒體都有其不足之處。故選A項(xiàng)。4.F　解析:根據(jù)設(shè)空處后面的一句可知,孩子們?cè)谟螒蛑刑骄坎煌慕巧?學(xué)習(xí)事情如何運(yùn)作,學(xué)習(xí)與人交流、合作。這說明游戲是孩子在小時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)理解這個(gè)世界的第一種方式。故選F項(xiàng)。5.C　解析:設(shè)空處后面的一句提到他們?cè)O(shè)置課程的目的是讓孩子們有更多自由,故可推知,很多學(xué)校都認(rèn)識(shí)到游戲的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)。【幫你拓知識(shí)】必背單詞①intellectualadj.智力的②advancementn.前進(jìn);推動(dòng)Test4【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾種成功傾聽的方法。1.G　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Whenpeopletalk,listencompletely.”及“Wehavetwoearsandonemouth,soweshouldlistenmorethanwesay.”可知,設(shè)空處內(nèi)容與解釋要傾聽的原因有關(guān),因而G項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g被傾聽。”符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)。2.F　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Somefirmsuseatechniqueknownasa‘listeningcircle’.”可知,選項(xiàng)F中的代詞it指前一句中atechniqueknownasa“l(fā)isteningcircle”,且此處內(nèi)容與“傾聽圈”的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)有關(guān),因而F項(xiàng)“在這里面它鼓勵(lì)參與者開誠布公地交談?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。3.A　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Hedefineslisteningas‘theidentification,selectionandcomprehensionofthekeywords’.”可知,此處內(nèi)容與RichardMullender對(duì)傾聽做這種定義的原因有關(guān),因而A項(xiàng)符合此處語境,it指代上文提到的“識(shí)別、選擇和理解關(guān)鍵詞”。故選A項(xiàng)。4.B　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Thelistener’sfocusshouldbeonanalysis.”和下文的“Oneapproachistomakeanassessmentofwhattheotherpersonistellingyouandthencheckitwiththem.”可知,此處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,且內(nèi)容與傾聽者要說話發(fā)表自己的看法有關(guān),因而B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。5.D　解析:根據(jù)上文的“Oneapproachistomakeanassessmentofwhattheother personistellingyouandthencheckitwiththem.”及下文的“Thefundamentalaimistobuilduparelationshipsotheotherpersonlikesyouandtrustsyou...”可知,D項(xiàng)中代詞That指前一句提到的做法,此處內(nèi)容與講述傾聽者說話會(huì)有什么作用有關(guān),因而D項(xiàng)符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)?！編湍阃刂R(shí)】重點(diǎn)語塊①socialanxiety社會(huì)性焦慮②work-relatedmatters與工作有關(guān)的事情③becriticalto...對(duì)……很關(guān)鍵④keepeyecontact保持眼神交流⑤bearinmind牢記⑥makeanassessmentof...對(duì)……做評(píng)估