2022年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：七選五專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破練習(xí)題匯編2A根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Supposeyouarehikingwithfriendsinthemountainsonahotsummerdayandyoucometoacleanstream.Thewaterinthestreamlookssoinviting,andyousuddenlyrealizethatyou’rethirsty.__1__Theanswerisasclearasthestreamwater：don’tdrinkit!Mostmountainfreshwatercontainstinylivingthingsthatyoucan’tseeandisn’tsafetodrink,evenifitlookspure.You’llbesafeifyoutakeyourownwaterwithyouonoutdooradventures.Ifyoucan’tcarryallthepurifiedwateryou’llneed,youhavesomealternatives.__2__That’sbecauseboilingkillstheharmfultinylivingthings,butitmaynotremovedangerouschemicalsfromthewater.__3__Thesechemicalsmakethewatersafetodrink,buttheyoftengiveabadtaste.Anothermethodforpurifyingfreshwateristousefilters(過(guò)濾器),butexpertscautionpeopletochoosecarefullysincenotallfiltersmakewaterabsolutelysafetodrink.Ifyoufindyourselfrunningoutofwater,youcanpreserveyour“innerwater”bystayingoutofdirectsunlight,coveringyourskinandwearingahat,sothatyoudon’tlosetoomuchwaterthroughsweating.__4__Inanemergency,ifyouhavetodrinkuntreatedwater,avoidwaterthatisnearshores.Drinkfromanupstreamsourceofwater,ifoneisavailable.__5__Ifyoudevelopastomachacheafewdayslater,visitadoctorassoonaspossible.A．Whatisthesafestdrinkingwater?B．Shouldyoutakeadrinkfromthestream?C．Youcanboilfreshwatertomakeitsafetodrink.D．Youshouldsavefreshwaterasmuchaspossible.E．Don’teatsaltyfoodbecausethatwillincreaseyourthirst.F．Youcanalsotakealongchemicalsthatkillgermsinwater.G．Besides,watchoutforshallowwaterorwaterthathasabadsmell.B根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formanyofus,goingtocollegeisarightofpassagethateventuallytakesusintotheadultworldofresponsibility,knowledge,moneyandopportunity.__6__Butasawhole,studiesclearlyshowthemoreeducatedweare,themoreproductiveweareinsocietyandlife.Belowarethetopfourreasonstogotocollege.Becomemoreknowledgeableinseveralareas.Almosteverydegreeincollegewillrequire thatyoustudysomemajorsubjects,suchasEnglish,mathandcommunicationskills.Theseskillsarelikelytohelpyouinyourfuturecareer.__7__Forexample,theabilitytospeakinfrontofagroupofpeoplemaybesomethingyouuseinvolunteerworkfororganizationsoringroupsoffriends.__8__Collegeisoftenamixofmanydifferentpeoplefrommanydifferentwalksoflife.Sinceyouwilllikelyworkwithmanydifferentpersonalitiesandethnicitieswhenyoubeginyourcareer,collegecanhelpprepareyouforthis.Gainindependence.__9__Thiscanmakethetransitionfromhometolivingonyourownmuchlessstressfulandmoregradual.Participatinginvariousyouthactivitiescanhelpstudentsbegintolearntheskillsneededtoliveontheirown.Broadenyourhorizons.Ifyouwanttostudysubjectslikephilosophyandsociology—topicsthatareinterestingbutdon’tleadclearlytooneparticularoccupation—collegecanbeagoodplace.__10__Beyondtheclassroom,collegepresentsanopportunitytointellectuallydevelop,meetnewpeopleandseenewplaces.A．Buildself-esteem.B．Learnaboutdiversepeople.C．Someareaswillhelpyouinallpartsoflife.D．Thefriendsyoumakeincollegearethefriendsthatyoukeepforlife.E．CollegeallowsstudentstobegintoliveindependentlyfromMomandDad.F．Therearealsomanywhomanagetodojustfinewithoutacollegeeducation.G．Actually,thereyouwillrealizecriticalthinkingandproblemsolvingaremoreimportantthanyourmajor.C根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’veeverbeeninvolvedinanofficeconflict,youknowhowterribleitcanbe.__11__Butinvolvinginanofficeconflictwillsurelyhaveanegativeeffectonyouandyourworkplacenomatterwho’srightorwrong.Herearethreestepsforsolvingtheconflictandgettingbackontrack.Stopandreflect.Beforetakinganykindofaction,taketimetoreflectonwhatjusthappenedwhileit’sstillfreshinyourmind.__12__Sitdownsomewherequietandtakeadeepbreath.Thinkbacktowhosaidwhat,howtheconflictstartedandotherrelevantinformation.__13__It’salwaysgoodtohavesomeoneintheofficeforemotionalsupport.Askforyourfriends’assistanceasanobjectivesoundingboard(共鳴板)．Reviewyourunderstandingoftheconflictwiththem,havethemaskyoupointedquestionstodigintothesituationandbewillingtolistentotheirsuggestions.__14__ Letgoofyournegativethoughtsandjustworkharder.Youmayfeelcompletelywrongedandmisunderstood,butfocusingonyourgrievance(委屈)onlymakesyoufeelevenworse.Ifyoucanshowthatyou’remoredevotedtoyourjobthanfocusingonyourhurtfeelings,youmaygetareward.Takingthemostpositivecourseofactionwillshowyourownvalueinawaythatwillgetmoresupportfromyourcolleagues.__15__Theygenerallyprefertostayoutofit.A．Facethesituationdirectly.B．Talktoyourtrustedfriends.C．Wecan’tgetalongwitheveryone.D．Don’ttaketheconflicttoyourleaders.E．Itisnotwisetofollowyourfriendblindly.F．Ifyouwaittoolong,youmaynotrememberkeydetails.G．Theymayprovidenewviewsthathelpyououtofthetrouble. 參考答案與試題解析A根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Supposeyouarehikingwithfriendsinthemountainsonahotsummerdayandyoucometoacleanstream.Thewaterinthestreamlookssoinviting,andyousuddenlyrealizethatyou’rethirsty.__1__Theanswerisasclearasthestreamwater：don’tdrinkit!Mostmountainfreshwatercontainstinylivingthingsthatyoucan’tseeandisn’tsafetodrink,evenifitlookspure.You’llbesafeifyoutakeyourownwaterwithyouonoutdooradventures.Ifyoucan’tcarryallthepurifiedwateryou’llneed,youhavesomealternatives.__2__That’sbecauseboilingkillstheharmfultinylivingthings,butitmaynotremovedangerouschemicalsfromthewater.__3__Thesechemicalsmakethewatersafetodrink,buttheyoftengiveabadtaste.Anothermethodforpurifyingfreshwateristousefilters(過(guò)濾器),butexpertscautionpeopletochoosecarefullysincenotallfiltersmakewaterabsolutelysafetodrink.Ifyoufindyourselfrunningoutofwater,youcanpreserveyour“innerwater”bystayingoutofdirectsunlight,coveringyourskinandwearingahat,sothatyoudon’tlosetoomuchwaterthroughsweating.__4__Inanemergency,ifyouhavetodrinkuntreatedwater,avoidwaterthatisnearshores.Drinkfromanupstreamsourceofwater,ifoneisavailable.__5__Ifyoudevelopastomachacheafewdayslater,visitadoctorassoonaspossible.A．Whatisthesafestdrinkingwater?B．Shouldyoutakeadrinkfromthestream?C．Youcanboilfreshwatertomakeitsafetodrink.D．Youshouldsavefreshwaterasmuchaspossible.E．Don’teatsaltyfoodbecausethatwillincreaseyourthirst.F．Youcanalsotakealongchemicalsthatkillgermsinwater.G．Besides,watchoutforshallowwaterorwaterthathasabadsmell.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在野外處理溪水的辦法以及緩解缺水的方法。1．B　段中題。根據(jù)下文“Theanswerisasclearasthestreamwater：don’tdrinkit！(答案就像溪水一樣清澈：不要喝它！)”可知，空處是對(duì)喝不喝小溪水的疑問(wèn)句。B選項(xiàng)“Shouldyoutakeadrinkfromthestream？(你應(yīng)該從小溪中喝水嗎？)”引起下文。故選B項(xiàng)。2．C　段中題。根據(jù)下文“That’sbecauseboilingkillstheharmfultinylivingthings(那是因?yàn)橹蠓袣⑺烙泻Φ奈⑿∩?”以及前文“Ifyoucan’tcarryallthepurifiedwateryou’llneed,youhavesome alternatives.(如果你不能攜帶所有你需要的純凈水，你有一些替代方案。)”可推斷，這個(gè)替代方案把淡水煮開(kāi)。C選項(xiàng)“Youcanboilfreshwatertomakeitsafetodrink.”(你可以把淡水煮開(kāi)，這樣就可以安全飲用了。)承上啟下。故選C項(xiàng)。3．F　段首題。根據(jù)后文“Thesechemicalsmakethewatersafetodrink(這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)使水可以安全飲用)”可猜測(cè)，還有一種方法是用化學(xué)物質(zhì)處理溪水。F選項(xiàng)“Youcanalsotakealongchemicalsthatkillgermsinwater.(你也可以隨身攜帶殺死水中細(xì)菌的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。)”引起下文。故選F項(xiàng)。4．E　段尾題。根據(jù)前文“Ifyoufindyourselfrunningoutofwater,youcanpreserveyour’innerwater’bystayingoutofdirectsunlight,coveringyourskinandwearingahat,sothatyoudon’tlosetoomuchwaterthroughsweating.(如果你缺水了，你可以通過(guò)遠(yuǎn)離陽(yáng)光直射、遮住皮膚并戴上帽子來(lái)保存體內(nèi)的水分，這樣你就不會(huì)在出汗時(shí)流失太多的水分。)”可推斷本段是講述如何緩解自己缺水狀況的方法。E選項(xiàng)“Don’teatsaltyfoodbecausethatwillincreaseyourthirst.(不要吃太咸的食物，那樣會(huì)使你更口渴。)”承接上文。故選E項(xiàng)。5．G　段中題。根據(jù)上文“Inanemergency,ifyouhavetodrinkuntreatedwater,avoidwaterthatisnearshores.Drinkfromanupstreamsourceofwater,ifoneisavailable.(在緊急情況下，如果你必須飲用未經(jīng)處理的水，避免飲用靠近海岸的水。如果有上游的水源，就喝上游的水。)”可推斷，本段是在緊急情況下對(duì)飲水的要求。G選項(xiàng)“Besides,watchoutforshallowwaterorwaterthathasabadsmell.(此外，要注意淺水或有異味的水。)”與上文有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。B根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formanyofus,goingtocollegeisarightofpassagethateventuallytakesusintotheadultworldofresponsibility,knowledge,moneyandopportunity.__6__Butasawhole,studiesclearlyshowthemoreeducatedweare,themoreproductiveweareinsocietyandlife.Belowarethetopfourreasonstogotocollege.Becomemoreknowledgeableinseveralareas.Almosteverydegreeincollegewillrequirethatyoustudysomemajorsubjects,suchasEnglish,mathandcommunicationskills.Theseskillsarelikelytohelpyouinyourfuturecareer.__7__Forexample,theabilitytospeakinfrontofagroupofpeoplemaybesomethingyouuseinvolunteerworkfororganizationsoringroupsoffriends.__8__Collegeisoftenamixofmanydifferentpeoplefrommanydifferentwalksoflife.Sinceyouwilllikelyworkwithmanydifferentpersonalitiesandethnicitieswhenyoubeginyourcareer,collegecanhelpprepareyouforthis.Gainindependence.__9__Thiscanmakethetransitionfromhometolivingonyourownmuchlessstressfulandmoregradual.Participatinginvariousyouthactivitiescanhelpstudentsbegintolearntheskillsneededtoliveontheirown. Broadenyourhorizons.Ifyouwanttostudysubjectslikephilosophyandsociology—topicsthatareinterestingbutdon’tleadclearlytooneparticularoccupation—collegecanbeagoodplace.__10__Beyondtheclassroom,collegepresentsanopportunitytointellectuallydevelop,meetnewpeopleandseenewplaces.A．Buildself-esteem.B．Learnaboutdiversepeople.C．Someareaswillhelpyouinallpartsoflife.D．Thefriendsyoumakeincollegearethefriendsthatyoukeepforlife.E．CollegeallowsstudentstobegintoliveindependentlyfromMomandDad.F．Therearealsomanywhomanagetodojustfinewithoutacollegeeducation.G．Actually,thereyouwillrealizecriticalthinkingandproblemsolvingaremoreimportantthanyourmajor.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了上大學(xué)的四大理由。6．F　段中題。根據(jù)后句“Butasawhole,studiesclearlyshowthemoreeducatedweare,themoreproductiveweareinsocietyandlife.(但總體而言，研究清楚地表明，我們受教育程度越高，我們?cè)谏鐣?huì)和生活中的生產(chǎn)力就越高。)”轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，不上大學(xué)也能過(guò)得很好。所以選項(xiàng)F“Therearealsomanywhomanagetodojustfinewithoutacollegeeducation.(也有很多人沒(méi)有受過(guò)大學(xué)教育也能做得很好。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。7．C　段中題。根據(jù)后句“Forexample,theabilitytospeakinfrontofagroupofpeoplemaybesomethingyouuseinvolunteerworkfororganizationsoringroupsoffriends.(例如，在一群人面前說(shuō)話的能力，可能是你在組織的志愿者工作或在一群朋友中使用的能力。)”舉例可知，有些地方能夠幫助到你。所以選項(xiàng)C“Someareaswillhelpyouinallpartsoflife.(有些領(lǐng)域會(huì)在生活的各個(gè)方面幫助你。)”引起下文。故選C。8．B　段首題。根據(jù)后文“Collegeisoftenamixofmanydifferentpeoplefrommanydifferentwalksoflife.Sinceyouwilllikelyworkwithmanydifferentpersonalitiesandethnicitieswhenyoubeginyourcareer,collegecanhelpprepareyouforthis.(大學(xué)里往往是來(lái)自各行各業(yè)的各種人的混合體。當(dāng)你開(kāi)始你的職業(yè)生涯時(shí)，你可能會(huì)和許多不同性格和種族的人打交道，大學(xué)可以幫助你做好準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，上大學(xué)以及大學(xué)畢業(yè)后可以了解不同的人。所以選項(xiàng)B“Learnaboutdiversepeople.(了解不同的人。)”引起下文。故選B。9．E　段中題。根據(jù)前句“Gainindependence.(獲得獨(dú)立。)”和后句“Thiscanmakethetransitionfromhometolivingonyourownmuchlessstressfulandmoregradual.(這可以使從家到自己生活的過(guò)渡壓力小得多，而且更循序漸進(jìn)。)”可知，大學(xué)生可以離開(kāi)父母開(kāi)始獨(dú)立。所以選項(xiàng)E“CollegeallowsstudentstobegintoliveindependentlyfromMomandDad.(大學(xué)允許學(xué)生開(kāi)始獨(dú)立于父母生活。)”承上啟下。故選E。10．G　段中題。根據(jù)前文“Broadenyourhorizons.Ifyouwanttostudysubjectslike philosophyandsociology—topicsthatareinterestingbutdon’tleadclearlytooneparticularoccupation—collegecanbeagoodplace.(拓寬你的視野。如果你想學(xué)習(xí)哲學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)之類(lèi)的課程——這些主題很有趣，但并不能明確指向某一特定職業(yè)——大學(xué)是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。)”和后句“Beyondtheclassroom,collegepresentsanopportunitytointellectuallydevelop,meetnewpeopleandseenewplaces.(在課堂之外，大學(xué)提供了一個(gè)發(fā)展智力、結(jié)識(shí)新朋友和參觀新地方的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，大學(xué)能夠培養(yǎng)思辨能力。與上下文為并列關(guān)系。所以選項(xiàng)G“Actually,thereyouwillrealizecriticalthinkingandproblemsolvingaremoreimportantthanyourmajor.(事實(shí)上，在那里你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)批判性思維和解決問(wèn)題的能力比你的專(zhuān)業(yè)更重要。)”承上啟下。故選G。C根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’veeverbeeninvolvedinanofficeconflict,youknowhowterribleitcanbe.__11__Butinvolvinginanofficeconflictwillsurelyhaveanegativeeffectonyouandyourworkplacenomatterwho’srightorwrong.Herearethreestepsforsolvingtheconflictandgettingbackontrack.Stopandreflect.Beforetakinganykindofaction,taketimetoreflectonwhatjusthappenedwhileit’sstillfreshinyourmind.__12__Sitdownsomewherequietandtakeadeepbreath.Thinkbacktowhosaidwhat,howtheconflictstartedandotherrelevantinformation.__13__It’salwaysgoodtohavesomeoneintheofficeforemotionalsupport.Askforyourfriends’assistanceasanobjectivesoundingboard(共鳴板)．Reviewyourunderstandingoftheconflictwiththem,havethemaskyoupointedquestionstodigintothesituationandbewillingtolistentotheirsuggestions.__14__Letgoofyournegativethoughtsandjustworkharder.Youmayfeelcompletelywrongedandmisunderstood,butfocusingonyourgrievance(委屈)onlymakesyoufeelevenworse.Ifyoucanshowthatyou’remoredevotedtoyourjobthanfocusingonyourhurtfeelings,youmaygetareward.Takingthemostpositivecourseofactionwillshowyourownvalueinawaythatwillgetmoresupportfromyourcolleagues.__15__Theygenerallyprefertostayoutofit.A．Facethesituationdirectly.B．Talktoyourtrustedfriends.C．Wecan’tgetalongwitheveryone.D．Don’ttaketheconflicttoyourleaders.E．Itisnotwisetofollowyourfriendblindly.F．Ifyouwaittoolong,youmaynotrememberkeydetails.G．Theymayprovidenewviewsthathelpyououtofthetrouble.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)如何處理辦公室沖突提出了建議。 11．C　段中題。根據(jù)后文“Butinvolvinginanofficeconflictwillsurelyhaveanegativeeffectonyouandyourworkplacenomatterwho’srightorwrong.(但是，不管誰(shuí)對(duì)誰(shuí)錯(cuò)，卷入辦公室沖突肯定會(huì)對(duì)你和你的工作場(chǎng)所產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。)”可知，此處是講辦公室人際關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)C(我們不能和每個(gè)人都處得來(lái)。)和后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，對(duì)應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but。所以選項(xiàng)C切合文意。故選C。12．F　段中題。根據(jù)前文“Beforetakinganykindofaction,taketimetoreflectonwhatjusthappenedwhileit’sstillfreshinyourmind.(在采取任何行動(dòng)之前，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間回想一下剛剛發(fā)生的事情，因?yàn)樗匀辉谀愕哪X海中浮現(xiàn)。)”可知，要在剛剛發(fā)生的事仍然在你的腦海中浮現(xiàn)盡快反思，否則會(huì)忘記細(xì)節(jié)的。所以選項(xiàng)F(如果你等太久，你可能會(huì)忘記關(guān)鍵的細(xì)節(jié)。)切合文意。故選F。13．B　段首題。根據(jù)后文“It’salwaysgoodtohavesomeoneintheofficeforemotionalsupport.Askforyourfriends’assistanceasanobjectivesoundingboard(共鳴板)．(辦公室里有人給你情感上的支持總是好的。向你的朋友尋求幫助，作為一個(gè)客觀的建議。)”可知，此處是指和信任的朋友交談。所以選項(xiàng)B(和信任的朋友交談。)切合文意。為本段的標(biāo)題。故選B。14．G　段尾題。根據(jù)前文“Reviewyourunderstandingoftheconflictwiththem,havethemaskyoupointedquestionstodigintothesituationandbewillingtolistentotheirsuggestions.(和他們重新審視你對(duì)沖突的理解，讓他們問(wèn)你有針對(duì)性的問(wèn)題來(lái)深入了解情況，并且愿意傾聽(tīng)他們的建議。)”可知，此處是指朋友可以給你提出建議走出困境，所以選項(xiàng)G(他們可能會(huì)提供新的觀點(diǎn)，幫助你擺脫困境。)切合文意。故選G。15．D　段中題。后文“Theygenerallyprefertostayoutofit.(他們通常寧愿置身事外。)”中的they是指領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，和選項(xiàng)D(不要把沖突告訴你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。)構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。因?yàn)樗麄兺ǔ幵钢蒙硎峦?，所以不要把沖突告訴你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。所以選項(xiàng)D切合文意。故選D。