人教版（2019）高中英語選擇性必修第二冊Unit1單元綜合能力測試卷時間：100分鐘　　　滿分：120分　選擇題部分第二部分　閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOnemorning，morethanahundredyearsago，anAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem：Itseemedimpossibletogetthethreadtorunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle.Thoughhewastired，Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamtthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesavageswhosekingwantedtokillhimandeathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso，Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.ThekingflewintothecageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream，realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedle，heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecentreoftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypractisedsewingmachine.EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison，theinventoroftheelectriclight，saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.Toknowthevalueofdreams，youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen，apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious(無意識的)，butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartof第13頁共13頁,thebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However，theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”．1．TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas．A．whatkindofthreadtouseB．howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreakC．wheretoputtheneedleD．howtopreventthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle2．ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause．A．healsotriedtoinventasewingmachineB．hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreamsC．hewasoneofHowe'sbestfriendsD．healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleep3．Dreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”because．A．strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideasB．imageswhichhavenomeaningareusedC．wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaningD．onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthemBHereareafewthingstowatchoutforwhenyoumovesomewhereneworarereturninghomeafteralongtimeaway.Becarefulontheroad!ThefirstthingthatIdidwhenIgotoutoftheairportwastocrosstheroad，butIlookedthewrongway！IntheUKthecarsdriveonthelefthandsideoftheroadwhereasinSpaintheydriveontheright.IalmostgotrunoverbecauseIwasstillthinkingIwasinSpain.Youhavetobeverycareful.There'sanotherstrangeonefromtravellingontheroad.InMallorca，mostofthetime，pedestrians(行人)cancrosstheroadbywalkingontheroadwithoutstoppingandthecarwillstopforthem.IntheUK，however，youhavetobecarefultowaitfor第13頁共13頁,thecarstostoporelseyoumightendupinthehospitalveryquickly!Drinkwater.InSpain，mostpeoplebuylargebottlesofwatertodrink.IntheUKthefiltering(過濾)ofthewatermeansthatyoucandrinkstraightfromthetap.OnmyfirstnightbackIforgotthatIcoulddrinkwaterfromthetapsandspentthenightwishingIhadabottleofwater.WhenIwokeup，IrealizedhowsillyIhadbeen.Timeisdifferent.InSpainthereisasmallbreakduringthedaytohaveanapfortherestoftheday.YoualsomightonlythinkaboutgoingoutforadrinkwithfriendsinSpainat11p．m.IntheUKthatisalreadypastthebedtime!4．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．TheauthorisusedtolivinginSpain.B．TheauthorhopestoreturntoMallorcasoon.C．Theauthordoesn'tlikethelifeintheUKatall.D．Theauthorcan'tlookafterhimselfwell.5．WhywastheauthoralmostrunoverintheUK?A．Hewascrossinganunfamiliarroad.B．Hewasthinkinginthemiddleoftheroad.C．Hewaslookingthewrongwayontheroad.D．Hewasrunningontherighthandsideoftheroad.6．ComparedwiththetrafficintheUK，trafficinMallorcaforpedestriansismore．A．dangerousB．importantC．crowdedD．secure7．Onthefirstnightbackhome，theauthor．A．dranksomewaterfromthetapB．hadabigmealinarestaurantC．boughtabottleofwaterD．didn'tdrinkwateratallCFlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoung，shetook第13頁共13頁,lessonsinmusicanddrawing，andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithhermotherandfather.Asachild，shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.Atlast，hermindwasmadeup.“I'mgoingtobeanurse，”shedecided.“Nursingisn'ttherightworkforalady，”herfathertoldher.“ThenIwillmakeitso，”shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermanyandFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland，F(xiàn)lorencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，shewentwithagroupofthirtyeightnursestothefronthospital.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.Butthebravenurseswenttowork.Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes，beds，medicinesandfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasthesmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.Buttheyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.Afterwar，shereturnedtoEnglandandwashonouredforherservicebyQueenVictoria.ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuildtheNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth，whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.FlorenceNightingalepassedawayattheageofninety，stilltryingtoserveothersthroughherworkasanurse.Indeed，itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.8．DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，F(xiàn)lorenceservedinthefronthospitalwhere．A．sheearnedalotofmoneyB．workwasverydifficultC．fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherworkD．shedidn'thaveenoughfoodandclothes9．WhywasFlorencehonouredbyQueenVictoria?A．BecauseshebuilttheNightingaleHomeforNurses.B．Becauseofheroldage.第13頁共13頁,C．Becausesheworkedasanurseallherlife.D．BecauseshedidagreatdealofworkduringtheCrimeanWar.10．Thepassagecanbebestdescribedas．A．thelifestoryofafamouswomanB．a(chǎn)descriptionofthenursingworkC．a(chǎn)nexampleofsuccessfuleducationD．thehistoryofnursinginEngland11．Whenshewasachild，F(xiàn)lorence．A．wroteabookonpublichealthB．knewwhatherdutyinlifewasC．lovedtohelpthesickpeopleD．wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawingDJohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofabanker，andhisspeedoflearningnewideasandofsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17，hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemayleadapoorlifebeingamathematician，andsovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926，at23，hereceivedadegreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.D.inmathematics.Fromthenon，mathematicsprovidedwellenoughforhim，andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.In1930，vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecameaprofessorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933，theInstituteforAdvancedStudywasformed，andhebecameoneofthe6fulltimepeople(Einsteinwasoneoftheothers)intheSchoolofMathematics.WorldWarⅡhugelychangedvonNeumann'sareasofinterest.Until1940hehadbeenagreatpure(純粹的)mathematician.Duringandafterthewar，hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicstheoriesintopractice.Duringthelastpartofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamentalcontributions.Afterthewar，vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers，andwasgenerallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards，waspresidentoftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberof第13頁共13頁,theAtomicEnergyCommission.Hediedin1957ofcancer.VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeenenoughtoearnhimafirmplacehistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatestmindsofthe20thcentury.VonNeumannreallywasalegend(傳奇)inhisowntime，andthereareanumberofstoriesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofthislegend.Hereportedoneaccidentthisway，“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”12．VonNeumannpublishedhisfirstbookattheageof．A．23　　B．26　　C．29　　D．3213．HowdidWorldWarⅡaffectJohnvonNeumann?A．Herealizedtheimportanceofengineering.B．Hebegantoresearchhowtoputmathematicsintopractice.C．Heleftcollegeandservedatthegovernmentdepartment.D．Helostinterestinchemistry.14．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofvonNeumann?A．Hehadthreechildren.B．Hediedfromanaccident.C．Hereceivedmanyawardsinhislife.D．HeandEinsteinwereclassmatesinPrincetonUniversity.15．Accordingtothetext，vonNeumann'sfatherbelievedthat．A．a(chǎn)mathematiciancouldn'tearnalotofmoneyB．a(chǎn)mathematicianneededagoodmemoryC．vonNeumannhadtheabilitytolearntwosubjectsatthesametimeD．vonNeumannhadagiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeed第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Noonelikestofail.Whetherit'satwork，athome，orinanotherareaofyourlife，failureispainfulanditcanalsobecostlyintermsoftime，money，orboth.1第13頁共13頁,Ifyouneversufferafailure，thenyou'reprobablynotpushingyourselftoyourfullpotential.Thefollowingaresometipsonhowtopickyourselfupafteryou'vefailed.Rememberthatotherpeoplefailtoo.2They'lltellyouaboutthatgreatnewcontracttheysigned，notthedealthatfailedeventuallythoughtheyworkedonitformonths.Butfailureisnormal，andlotsofpeoplefailtimeandtimeagainbeforemeetingwithsuccess.Remindyourselfofyourpastsuccesses.Failingdoesn'tmeanthatyou'reworthless，orthatyou'llneverachievethethingsyouwant.3Maybeyouhadhighmarkslastterm，oryoulostweight，oryoulearnedtoplayamusicalinstrument.Youmightwanttowritedownalistofsuccesses—thingsthatyou'veaccomplishedoverthepastfewyears，whetherbigorsmall.Ifyoueverlackconfidence，youcangobackandreadoverthatlist.4Yourpastsuccessesareimportant，butsoareyourpastfailures.You'vemademistakesbefore，andyou'vesurvivedthem.Perhapsyoudidbadlyinanexam，orlostyourtemperandhadtoapologize.It'snotfuntothinkaboutthetimeswhenthingswentwrong，butbyacknowledgingyourfailures，youcanremindyourselfthattodayisnodifferent.Justasyourecoveredinthepast，youcanrecoverfromyourrecentfailuretoo.5Whateverwentwrong，you'reprobablyfacingsomesortofdecision.Don'trushintomakinghastydecision，butdolookforaforwardpath.Thatmightrequiresomedeepthinking.A．Makeadecision.B．Limitthedamagecaused.C．Remindyourselfofyourpastfailures.D．However，failureisanormalpartoflife.E．Getsomeadviceandsupportfromothers.F．Mostpeopledon'ttalkopenlyabouttheirfailures.G．Thinkofallthetimesinthepastwhenyou'vesucceeded.第三部分　語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)　完形填空(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)第13頁共13頁,閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist？Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenotbasedonobviousfacts，andtherefore2toacceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas3andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto4asfarbackasthetimeofRogerBacon，thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford，wholivedbetweentheyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgesto5thatweshouldlearnsciencebyobservingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus，andhehimself6manyimportanttruths.Galileo(1564－1642)，however，wholivedmorethan300yearslater，wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly，F(xiàn)rance，Germany，andEngland，7begantoshowhowmanyimportanttruthscouldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo，learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore8towardstheearththansmallones，9Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo，goingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerofPisa，letfalltwo10stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItisGalileo's11ofgoingdirecttonature，andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesbyexperiment，thathas12allthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What13thosepeoplegoodscientists？FromtheexampleofGalileo，weknow14thatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave15betterresults.1．A.use　　B．senseC．speedD．trust2．A.refusesB．desiresC．intendsD．regrets3．A.casuallyB．carefullyC．quicklyD．privately4．A.dateB．keepC．lookD．come5．A.commandB．suspect第13頁共13頁,C．suggestD．conclude6．A.broughtB．discoveredC．handledD．a(chǎn)nnounced7．A.whoB．whenC．thatD．where8．A.slowlyB．rapidlyC．lightlyD．heavily9．A.althoughB．becauseC．whenD．if10．A.bigB．smallC．similarD．unequal11．A.spiritB．skillC．theoryD．wish12．A.ledtoB．turnedtoC．setupD．putforward13．A.makesB．preventsC．considersD．promises14．A.likelyB．clearlyC．naturallyD．unwillingly15．A.foreseenB．rejectedC．producedD．challenged非選擇題部分第二節(jié)語篇語法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。DearDad，Onthisdateofyour50thbirthday，MomgavemetheletteryouwrotetomewhenIwasborn18yearsago.Inyourletter，you1.(wish)metobestrongmindedandsuccessful.Youwerelookingforwardto2.(see)mefightformyfuturebravelyanddowellfor3.(me)andothers.第13頁共13頁,Afterreadingthisletter，Ifeelquite4.(shock)atyour5.(expect)onme.Ialsofeelshamedofnothavingperformedwell6.(meet)yourdemand.IstillrememberwhenIwasinprimaryschool，Ifailedtoapplymyselftostudying.Iwasaddictedtocomputergames.Asaconsequence，Isoonbecamethelastoneinmyclass.Youdidn'tabusemeatall.7.thecontrary，youtaughtmethatstudyingwasthemostimportantobjectatthemomentandencouragedmetostudyhard.Only8.IreadyourletterdidIrealizethatIbehavedsobadlyatthattimeandyouweresosadtoseeIdidn'tdowellformyself.Ican'thelpexpressingmygratitudeandsendingmybestwishestoyou.Wishyou9.(health)andhappy.IpromisethatIwillsparenoefforttosatisfyyourdemandofbeing10.braveandsuccessfulperson.第四部分　寫作(滿分40分)第一節(jié)應用文寫作（15分）每年，國家科學技術獎勵大會都會在北京人民大會堂隆重舉行，屆時黨和國家領導人會為獲獎的科學家頒獎。請你圍繞以下要點談談你的個人看法。1．黨和政府為什么如此重視科技事業(yè)的發(fā)展；2．作為一名高中生，你應該如何去做。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．短文要求包含所有要點，但不要逐條翻譯；3．可以適當增加細節(jié)以使行文連貫；4．開頭已為你寫好，但不計入總詞數(shù)。Everyyear，theNationalScienceTechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.第二節(jié)故事續(xù)寫（25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應為150左右。TheeventthatstandsoutinTom'smemoryhappenedonemorningwhenTom第13頁共13頁,wasonlytenyearsold.HewasathomewithhiseldersisterJane.Tomwasdoinghishomeworkwhenheheardraisedvoices.Atfirsthethoughtnothingofitsincecustomersinthemotorcycleshopdirectlybelowtheirflatoftenbecameloud，buthesoonrealizedthistimeitwasdifferent.“Quick!Quick!Removethemotorcyclesfromtheshop.”someoneshouted.Thenathickburningsmellfilledtheair.WhenTomopenedthefrontdooroftheirflattoinvestigate，athickcloudofsmokegreetedhim.Themotorcycleshophadcaughtfireandpeoplewererunningandcrying.Jane，whohadbeenplayingtheviolininherroom，hurriedtothelivingroom.Theyrushedoutofthedoorandalongthecorridor(走廊)throughthesmoke.TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorwhenJanesuddenlystoppedinhertrack.Sheturnedaroundandheadedbackthewaytheycame.Tomhadnoideawhatshewasdoing，buthefollowedher.Janehadsuddenlyrememberedtheladyinher70swholivednextdoortothem，whotheycalledMakcik.JanebeganbangingonMakcik'sdoor，butgotnoanswer.Asthesmokethickenedaroundthem，Tomcouldseemanyoftheirneighbors—somestillintheirpajamas(睡衣)—runningforsafety.Thethoughtoffearcrossedhismind.“Shewouldhaverunforsafetylikeeveryoneelse！”Tomcried.However，Janerefusedtogiveup.“IknowMakcik'sstillinside.”ShesaidshewasfamiliarwithMakcik'sdailyroutineandwascertainshewouldstillbesleeping.Shepoundedagainstthedoor.“Godownstairs.Gonow!Go！”Paragraph1：Tomnoticedtheflame(火焰)wasreachingup.Paragraph2：Luckily，someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.第13頁共13頁,參考答案：【閱讀理解】A:1-3DBAB:4-7ACDDC:8-11BDACD:12-15CBCA【七選五】1-5DFGCA【完形填空】1-5AABAC6-10BABBD11-15AAABC【語法填空】1．wished2．seeing3．myself4．shocked5．expectation6．tomeet7．On8．when9．healthy10．a(chǎn)【寫作】【應用文】Everyyear，theNationalScienceTechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.Atthattime，thetopleadersofourcountryawardmedalstoscientistswhoachievethosegoals.It'sclearthatthegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoscienceandtechnology.There'snodoubtthatscienceandtechnologyplayavitalpartinacountry'sdevelopment.Thosewhoreceivetheawardsdeservethembecause，throughyearsofhardwork，theyhavemadeoutstandingcontributionstoourcountry.China第13頁共13頁,needsmorescientistsandinventorslikethem.Asaseniorschoolstudent，I'lltrymybesttolearnallmysubjectswellsoastoservethesocietyaswellasourcountry.【故事續(xù)寫】Tomnoticedtheflamewasreachingup.Frozenwithfear，hestoodrootedtothespot.HecomprehendedthegravityofthesituationandheldJane'shandtightly.Bothofthemwerecoughingandtheireyeswerestinging.Timeseemedtostandstill，thoughtheywereprobablythereforonlytwoorthreeminutes.TombeggedJanetorunforsafetyasquicklyaspossible.Janetriedtoshieldhernosefromthechokingsmokeandshookherhead.Shekeptpoundingagainstthedoor.Tomburstoutcrying.Luckily，someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.AsenseofstrengthimmediatelyreplacedthemountingfearandanxietyinJane'smind.ShetoldthemMs.Makcikmustbestillintheroom.Theyforcedthedooropenwithalltheirmight.Sureenough，Makcikwaslyinginbed，unconscious.Shewascarrieddownstairsandthenrushedtothehospital，whereshefinallycametoherself.PeopleintheneighborhoodfeltrelievedandJaneandTomwereveryhappy.第13頁共13頁